1. This annex presents a table of biological agents, classified in risk classes 2, 3, and 4, according to the criteria mentioned in Annex I. For some additional information, we use the following symbols:
A: possible allergic effects
E: emerging and opportunistic agent
O: low-risk oncogenic agent
O+: moderate-risk oncogenic agent
T: toxin production
V: effective vaccine available
(*): not normally transmitted through the air
“spp”: other species of the genus, in addition to those explicitly indicated, may pose a health risk.
In the classification by genus and species, the following situations may occur:
a) in the case of more than one pathogenic species of a particular genus, the most important ones will be indicated, and the others will be followed by the designation “spp,” indicating that other species of the genus may also be pathogenic. For example: Campylobacter fetus, Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter spp.
b) when a single species appears in the table, for example, Rochalimaea quintana, it indicates that this specific agent is pathogenic.
2. The classification of agents considered the possible effects on healthy workers. Particular effects on workers whose susceptibility may be affected, such as in cases of pre-existing pathology, medication, immunological disorders, pregnancy, or lactation, were not considered.
3. For the correct classification of agents using this table, the following should be considered:
a) the non-identification of a particular agent in the table does not imply its automatic inclusion in risk class 1; a risk assessment should be conducted based on the known or potential properties of these agents and other representatives of the same genus or family.
b) genetically modified organisms are not included in the table.
c) in the case of agents where only the genus is indicated, non-pathogenic species and strains for humans should be considered excluded.
d) all viruses isolated in humans but not included in the table should be classified in risk class 2 until studies for their classification are concluded.
| Biological Agents | Classification (groups) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Bacteria | ||
| Acinetobacter baumannii (formerly Acinetobacter calcoaceticus) | 2 | |
| Actinobacillus spp | 2 | |
| Actinomadura madurae | 2 | |
| Actinomadura pelletieri | 2 | |
| Actinomyces gerencseriae | 2 | |
| Actinomyces israelii | 2 | |
| Actinomyces pyogenes (formerly Corynebacterium pyogenes) | 2 | |
| Actinomyces spp | 2 | |
| Aeromonas hydrophila | 2 | |
| Amycolata autotrophica | 2 | |
| Archanobacterium haemolyticum (Corynebacterium haemolyticum) | 2 | |
| Bacillus anthracis | 3 | |
| Bacteroides fragilis | 2 | |
| Bartonella (Rochalimea) spp | 2 | |
| Bartonella bacilliformis | 2 | |
| Bartonella henselae | 2 | |
| Bartonella quintana | 2 | |
| Bartonella vinsonii | 2 | |
| Bordetella bronchiseptica | 2 | |
| Bordetella parapertussis | 2 | |
| Bordetella pertussis | 2 | V |
| Borrelia anserina | 2 | |
| Borrelia burgdorferi | 2 | |
| Borrelia duttonii | 2 | |
| Borrelia persicus | 2 | |
| Borrelia recurrentis | 2 | |
| Borrelia spp | 2 | |
| Borrelia theileri | 2 | |
| Borrelia vincenti | 2 | |
| Brucella abortus | 3 | |
| Brucella canis | 3 | |
| Brucella melitensis | 3 | |
| Brucella suis | 3 | |
| Burkholderia mallei (Pseudomonas mallei) | 3 | |
| Burkholderia pseudomallei (Pseudomonas pseudomallei) | 3 | |
| Campylobacter coli | 2 | |
| Campylobacter fetus | 2 | |
| Campylobacter jejuni | 2 | |
| Campylobacter septicum | 2 | |
| Campylobacter spp | 2 | |
| Cardiobacterium hominis | 2 | |
| Chlamydia pneumoniae | 2 | |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 2 | |
| Chlamydia psittaci (avian strains) | 3 | |
| Clostridium botulinum | 3 | T |
| Clostridium chauvoei | 2 | |
| Clostridium haemolyticum | 2 | |
| Clostridium histolyticum | 2 | |
| Clostridium novyi | 2 | |
| Clostridium perfringens | 2 | |
| Clostridium septicum | 2 | |
| Clostridium spp | 2 | |
| Clostridium tetani | 2 | T, V |
| Corynebacterium diphtheriae | 2 | T, V |
| Corynebacterium equi | 2 | |
| Corynebacterium haemolyticum | 2 | |
| Corynebacterium minutissimum | 2 | |
| Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis. | 2 | |
| Corynebacterium pyogenes | 2 | |
| Corynebacterium renale | 2 | |
| Corynebacterium spp | 2 | |
| Coxiella burnetii | 3 | |
| Dermatophilus congolensis | 2 | |
| Edwardsiella tarda | 2 | |
| Ehrlichia sennetsu (Rickettsia sennetsu) | 2 | |
| Ehrlichia spp | 2 | |
| Eikenella corrodens | 2 | |
| Enterobacter aerogenes/cloacae | 2 | |
| Enterococcus spp | 2 | |
| Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae | 2 | |
| Escherichia coli (all enteropathogenic, enterotoxigenic, enteroinvasive strains and those possessing the K 1 antigen) | 2 | |
| Escherichia coli, verocytotoxic strains (e.g., O157or O103) | 3 | (*), T |
| Francisella tularensis (type A) | 3 | |
| Haemophilus ducreyi | 2 | |
| Haemophilus equigenitalis | 3 | |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 2 | |
| Helicobacter pylori | 2 | |
| Klebsiella oxytoca | 2 | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 2 | |
| Klebsiella spp | 2 | |
| Legionella pneumophila | 2 | |
| Legionella spp | 2 | |
| Leptospira interrogans (all serotypes) | 2 | |
| Listeria monocytogenes | 2 | |
| Listeria ivanovii | 2 | |
| Moraxella spp | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium asiaticum | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium avium/intracellulare | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium bovis (except BCG strain) | 3 | V |
| Mycobacterium chelonae | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium fortuitum | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium kansasii | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium leprae | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium malmoense | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium marinum | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium paratuberculosis | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium scrofulaceum | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium simiae | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium szulgai | 2 | |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis | 3 | V |
| Mycobacterium xenopi | 2 | |
| Mycoplasma caviae | 2 | |
| Mycoplasma hominis | 2 | |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae | 2 | |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 2 | |
| Neisseria meningitidis | 2 | V |
| Nocardia asteroides | 2 | |
| Nocardia brasiliensis | 2 | |
| Nocardia farcinica | 2 | |
| Nocardia nova | 2 | |
| Nocardia otitidiscaviarum | 2 | |
| Nocardia transvalensis | 2 | |
| Pasteurella multocida | 2 | |
| Pasteurella multocida type B (buffalo strain and other virulent strains) | 3 | |
| Pasteurella spp | 2 | |
| Peptostreptococcus anaerobius | 2 | |
| Plesiomonas shigelloides | 2 | |
| Porphyromonas spp | 2 | |
| Prevotella spp | 2 | |
| Proteus mirabilis | 2 | |
| Proteus penneri | 2 | |
| Proteus vulgaris | 2 | |
| Providencia alcalifaciens | 2 | |
| Providencia rettgeri | 2 | |
| Providencia spp | 2 | |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 2 | |
| Rhodococcus equi | 2 | |
| Rickettsia akari | 3 | (*) |
| Rickettsia australis | 3 | |
| Rickettsia canada | 3 | (*) |
| Rickettsia conorii | 3 | |
| Rickettsia montana | 3 | (*) |
| Rickettsia prowazekii | 3 | |
| Rickettsia rickettsii | 3 | |
| Rickettsia siberica | 3 | |
| Rickettsia tsutsugamushi | 3 | |
| Rickettsia typhi (Rickettsia mooseri) | 3 | |
| Salmonella arizonae | 2 | |
| Salmonella enteritidis | 2 | |
| Salmonella typhimurium | 2 | |
| Salmonella paratyphi A, B, C | 2 | V |
| Salmonella typhi | 2 | (*), V |
| Salmonella spp | 2 | |
| Serpulina spp | 2 | |
| Shigella boydii | 2 | |
| Shigella dysenteriae | 2 | |
| Shigella flexneri | 2 | |
| Shigella sonnei | 2 | |
| Staphylococcus aureus | 2 | |
| Streptobacillus moniliformis | 2 | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 2 | |
| Streptococcus pyogenes | 2 | |
| Streptococcus suis | 2 | |
| Streptococcus spp | 2 | |
| Treponema carateum | 2 | |
| Treponema pallidum | 2 | |
| Treponema pertenue | 2 | |
| Treponema spp | 2 | |
| Vibrio cholerae (01 and 0139) | 2 | |
| Vibrio parahaemolyticus | 2 | |
| Vibrio vulnificus | 2 | |
| Vibrio spp | 2 | |
| Yersinia enterocolitica | 2 | |
| Yersinia pestis | 3 | V |
| Yersinia pseudotuberculosis | 2 | |
| Yersinia spp | 2 | |
| Virus | ||
| Guinea pig herpesvirus | 2 | O |
| Shope fibroma virus | 2 | O |
| Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease Virus | 4 | |
| Viral Enteritis Virus of ducks, geese, and swans | 4 | |
| Malignant Catarrhal Fever Virus of cattle and deer | 4 | |
| Duck Viral Hepatitis Virus types 1, 2, and 3 | 4 | |
| Hamster Leukemia Virus | 2 | O |
| Enzootic Bovine Leukosis Virus | 2 | O |
| Lumpy skin disease virus | 4 | |
| Canine Sarcoma Virus | 2 | O |
| Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus | 2 | O |
| Lucke Frog Virus | 2 | O |
| Adenoviridae | 2 | |
| Avian Adenovirus 1 – CELO Virus | 2 | O |
| Adenovirus 2 – Simian Virus 40 (Ad2-SV40) | 2 | O+ |
| Adenovirus 7 – Simian Virus 40 (Ad7-SV40) | 2 | O |
| Arenaviridae: | ||
| * LCM-Lassa viral complex (Old World arenavirus) | ||
| Lassa virus | 4 | |
| Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (neurotropic strains) | 3 | |
| Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (other strains) | 2 | |
| * Tacaribe viral complex (New World arenavirus) | ||
| Amapari virus | 2 | |
| Flechal virus | 2 | |
| Guanarito virus | 4 | |
| Junin virus | 4 | |
| Latino virus | 2 | |
| Machupo virus | 4 | |
| Paraná virus | 2 | |
| Pichinde virus | 2 | |
| Sabiá virus | 4 | |
| Astroviridae | 2 | |
| Birnavirus: including Picobirnavirus, Picotrinavirus | 2 | |
| Bunyaviridae: | ||
| Belém virus | 2 | |
| Mojuí dos Campos virus | 2 | |
| Pará virus | 2 | |
| Santarém virus | 2 | |
| Turlock virus | 2 | |
| * Anopheles A group | ||
| Arumateua virus | 2 | |
| Caraipé virus | 2 | |
| Lukuni virus | 2 | |
| Tacaiuma virus | 2 | |
| Trombetas virus | 2 | |
| Tucurui virus | 2 | |
| * Bunyamwera group | ||
| Iaco virus | 2 | |
| Kairi virus | 2 | |
| Macauã virus | 2 | |
| Maguari virus | 2 | |
| Sororoca virus | 2 | |
| Taiassuí virus | 2 | |
| Tucunduba virus | 2 | |
| Xingu virus | 2 | |
| * California encephalitis group | ||
| Inkoo virus | 2 | |
| La Crosse virus | 2 | |
| Lumbo virus | 2 | |
| San Angelo virus | 2 | |
| Snow hare virus | 2 | |
| Tahyna virus | 2 | |
| * Melão group | ||
| Guaroa virus | 2 | |
| Jamestown Canyon virus | 2 | |
| Keystone virus | 2 | |
| Serra do Navio virus | 2 | |
| South River virus | 2 | |
| Trivittatus virus | 2 | |
| * Group C | ||
| Apeu virus | 2 | |
| Caraparu virus | 2 | |
| Itaqui virus | 2 | |
| Marituba virus | 2 | |
| Murutucu virus | 2 | |
| Nepuyo virus | 2 | |
| Oriboca virus | 2 | |
| * Capim group | ||
| Acara virus | 2 | |
| Benevides virus | 2 | |
| Benfica virus | 2 | |
| Capim virus | 2 | |
| Guajará virus | 2 | |
| Moriche virus | 2 | |
| Guamá group | ||
| Ananindeua virus | 2 | |
| Bimiti virus | 2 | |
| Catú virus | 2 | |
| * Guamá virus | 2 | |
| Mirim virus | 2 | |
| Moju virus | 2 | |
| Timboteua virus | 2 | |
| * Simbu group | ||
| Jatobal virus | 2 | |
| Oropouche virus | 2 | |
| Utinga virus | 2 | |
| Caliciviridae | ||
| Hepatitis E virus | 2 | (*) |
| Norwalk virus | 2 | |
| Other Caliciviridae | 2 | |
| Coronaviridae | ||
| Human viruses, porcine gastroenteritis, murine hepatitis, bovine Coronavirus, feline infectious peritonitis, avian infectious bronchitis, canine, rat, and rabbit Coronaviruses | 2 | |
| Filoviridae | ||
| Ebola virus | 4 | |
| Marburg virus | 4 | |
| Flaviviridae | ||
| Bussuquara virus | 2 | |
| Cacipacoré virus | 2 | |
| Dengue virus types 1-4 | 2 | |
| Japanese Encephalitis virus | 3 | V |
| Murray Valley Encephalitis virus | 3 | |
| Russian spring-summer encephalitis virus | 4 | V, (a) |
| St. Louis Encephalitis virus | 2 | |
| Central European encephalitis virus | 4 | (*), V, (a) |
| Yellow fever virus | 3 | V |
| Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus | 4 | (a) |
| Kyasanur Forest disease virus | 4 | V, (a) |
| Hepatitis C virus | 2 | (*) |
| West Nile virus | 2 | |
| Ilhéus virus | 2 | |
| Kunjin virus | 2 | |
| Powassan virus | 3 | |
| Rocio virus | 3 | |
| Sal Vieja virus | 3 | |
| San Perlita virus | 3 | |
| Spondweni virus | 3 | |
| Hantavirus | ||
| Andes virus | 3 | |
| Dobrava (Belgrade) virus | 3 | |
| Hantaan virus (Korean hemorrhagic fever) | 3 | |
| Juquitiba virus | 3 | |
| Prospect Hill virus | 2 | |
| Puumala virus | 2 | |
| Seoul virus | 3 | |
| Sin Nombre virus | 3 | |
| Hepadnaviridae | ||
| Hepatitis B virus | 2 | (*), V |
| Hepatitis D virus (Delta) | 2 | (*), V, (b) |
| Herpesviridae | ||
| Cytomegalovirus | 2 | |
| Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 | 2 | |
| Ateles Herpesvirus (Rhadinovirus) | 3 | |
| Saimiri Herpesvirus (Rhadinovirus) | 3 | |
| Human Herpesvirus 7 (HHV7) | 2 | |
| Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) | 2 | |
| Simiae Herpesvirus (B virus) | 4 | |
| Varicella-zoster virus | 2 | |
| Marek’s disease virus | 2 | O |
| Epstein-Barr virus | 2 | O |
| Human B-lymphotropic virus (HBLV-HHV6) | 2 | |
| Nairovirus | ||
| Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus | 4 | |
| Hazara virus | 2 | |
| Oncornavirus: C and D viruses | 3 | |
| Orthomyxoviridae | ||
| Influenza viruses types A, B, and C | 2 | V (c) |
| Tick-borne orthomyxovirus: Dhori and Thogoto viruses | 2 | |
| Papovaviridae | ||
| Polyoma virus | 2 | O |
| Shope papilloma virus | 2 | O |
| BK and JC viruses | 2 | |
| Bovine papillomavirus | 2 | O |
| Human papillomavirus | 2 | |
| Simian Virus 40 (SV40) | 2 | |
| Paramyxoviridae | ||
| Pneumovirus | 2 | |
| Mumps virus | 2 | V |
| Newcastle disease virus (non-Asian strains) | 2 | |
| Parainfluenza viruses types 1 to 4 | 2 | |
| Measles virus | 2 | V |
| Nipah virus | 2 | |
| Respiratory syncytial virus | 2 | |
| Parvoviridae | ||
| Human parvovirus (B19) | 2 | |
| Phlebovirus | ||
| Uukuvirus | 2 | |
| Alenquer virus | 2 | |
| Ambé virus | 2 | |
| Anhangá virus | 2 | |
| Ariquemes virus | 2 | |
| Belterra virus | 2 | |
| Bujarú virus | 2 | |
| Candirú virus | 2 | |
| Toscana virus | 2 | |
| Icoarací virus | 2 | |
| Itaituba virus | 2 | |
| Itaporanga virus | 2 | |
| Jacundá virus | 2 | |
| Joa virus | 2 | |
| Morumbi virus | 2 | |
| Munguba virus | 2 | |
| Nápoles virus | 2 | |
| Oriximina virus | 2 | |
| Pacuí virus | 2 | |
| Serra Norte virus | 2 | |
| Tapará virus | 2 | |
| Toscana virus | 2 | |
| Turuna virus | 2 | |
| Uriurana virus | 2 | |
| Urucuri virus | 2 | |
| Picornaviridae | ||
| Poliovirus | 2 | V |
| Rhinovirus | 2 | |
| Coxsackie virus | 2 | |
| Foot-and-mouth disease virus with its various types and variants | 4 | |
| Acute Hemorrhagic Conjunctivitis (AHC) virus | 2 | |
| Hepatitis A virus (human enterovirus type 72) | 2 | V |
| ECHO virus | 2 | |
| Poxviridae | ||
| Parapoxvirus | 2 | |
| Poxvirus of goats, pigs, and birds | 2 | |
| Buffalopox virus | 2 | (d) |
| Cotia virus | 2 | |
| Cowpox virus (and related isolates from domestic cats and wild animals) | 2 | |
| Smallpox virus (major, minor) | 4 | V |
| Alastrim smallpox virus | 4 | |
| Camelpox virus | 4 | |
| Milker’s nodule virus | 2 | |
| Molluscum contagiosum virus | 4 | V |
| Monkeypox virus | 3 | |
| Orf virus | 2 | |
| Vaccinia virus | 2 | |
| Whitepox virus (“smallpox virus”) | 4 | V |
| Yatapox virus: Tana | 2 | |
| Yatapox virus: Yaba | 2 | O+ |
| Reoviridae | ||
| Coltivirus | 2 | |
| Orbivirus | 2 | |
| Orthoreovirus types 1, 2, and 3 | 2 | |
| Reoviruses isolated in the Amazon from Changuinola and Corriparta Groups | 2 | |
| Human rotavirus | 2 | |
| Ieri virus | 2 | |
| Itupiranga virus | 2 | |
| Tembé virus | 2 | |
| Retroviridae | ||
| HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus | 3 | (*) |
| Rous Sarcoma Virus | 2 | O |
| Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus (GaLV) | 2 | O+ |
| Murine Leukemia Virus | 2 | O |
| Rat Leukemia Virus | 2 | O |
| Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) | 2 | O+ |
| Avian Leukosis Virus | 2 | O |
| Murine Sarcoma Virus | 2 | O |
| Simian Sarcoma Virus (SSV-1) | 2 | O+ |
| Feline Sarcoma Virus (FeSV) | 2 | O+ |
| Human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLV-1 and HTLV-2) | 3 | (*) |
| Mason-Pfizer monkey virus | 2 | O |
| SIV | 3 | (*), (e) |
| Rhabdoviridae | ||
| Aruac virus | 2 | |
| Rabies virus | 3 | V, (*) |
| Duvenhage virus | 2 | |
| Inhangapi virus | 2 | |
| Xiburema virus | 2 | |
| * Vesicular stomatitis group | ||
| Alagoas VSV-3 virus | 2 | |
| Carajás virus | 2 | |
| Cocal VSV-2 virus | 2 | |
| Indiana VSV-1 virus | 2 | |
| Juruna virus | 2 | |
| Marabá virus | 2 | |
| Maraba VSV-4 virus | 2 | |
| Piry virus | 2 | |
| * Hart Park group | ||
| Hart Park virus | 2 | |
| Mosqueiro virus | 2 | |
| * Mussuril group | ||
| Cuiabá virus | 2 | |
| Marco virus | 2 | |
| * Timbó group | ||
| Chaco virus | 2 | |
| Sena Madureira virus | 2 | |
| Timbó virus | 2 | |
| Togaviridae | ||
| * Alphavirus | ||
| Aurá virus | 2 | |
| Bebaru virus | 2 | |
| Chikungunya virus | 2 | (*) |
| Western equine encephalomyelitis virus | 2 | V |
| Eastern equine encephalomyelitis virus | 2 | V |
| Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus | 3 | V |
| Semliki Forest virus | 2 | |
| Ross River virus | 2 | |
| Mayaro virus | 2 | |
| Mucambo virus | 2 | (*) |
| Onyongnyong virus | 2 | |
| Pixuna virus | 2 | |
| Una virus | 2 | |
| Other known alphaviruses | 2 | |
| * Rubivirus: Rubella virus | 2 | V |
| * Pestivirus: Bovine Viral Diarrhea virus | 2 | |
| Prions: unclassified agents associated with transmissible spongiform encephalopathies | ||
| Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE), scrapie and related animal diseases | 3 | (*), (f) |
| Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD) agent | 3 | (*) |
| Fatal Familial Insomnia agent | 3 | (*) |
| Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker Syndrome agent | 3 | (*) |
| Kuru agent | 3 | (*) |
| Parasites | ||
| Acanthamoeba castellanii | 2 | |
| Ancylostoma ceylanicum | 2 | |
| Ancylostoma duodenale | 2 | |
| Angiostrongylus cantonensis | 2 | |
| Angiostrongylus costaricensis | 2 | |
| Angiostrongylus spp | 2 | |
| Ascaris lumbricoides | 2 | A |
| Ascaris suum | 2 | A |
| Babesia divergens | 2 | |
| Babesia microti | 2 | |
| Balantidium coli | 2 | |
| Brugia malayi | 2 | |
| Brugia pahangi | 2 | |
| Brugia timori | 2 | |
| Capillaria philippinensis | 2 | |
| Capillaria spp | 2 | |
| Clonorchis sinensis | 2 | |
| Clonorchis viverrini | 2 | |
| Coccidia spp | 2 | |
| Cryptosporidium parvum | 2 | |
| Cryptosporidium spp | 2 | |
| Cyclospora cayetanensis | 2 | |
| Cysticercus cellulosae (hydatid cyst, larva of T. solium) | 2 | |
| Dactylaria galopava (Ochroconis gallopavum) | 2 | |
| Dipetalonema streptocerca | 2 | |
| Diphyllobothrium latum | 2 | |
| Dracunculus medinensis | 2 | |
| Echinococcus granulosus | 2 | (*) |
| Echinococcus multilocularis | 2 | (*) |
| Echinococcus vogeli | 2 | (*) |
| Emmonsia parva var. crescens | 2 | |
| Emmonsia parva var. parva | 2 | |
| Entamoeba histolytica | 2 | |
| Enterobius spp | 2 | |
| Exophiala (Wangiella) dermatitidis | 2 | |
| Fasciola gigantica | 2 | |
| Fasciola hepatica | 2 | |
| Fasciolopsis buski | 2 | |
| Fonsecaea compacta | 2 | |
| Fonsecaea pedrosoi | 2 | |
| Giardia lamblia (Giardia intestinalis) | 2 | |
| Giardia spp | 2 | |
| Heterophyes spp | 2 | |
| Hymenolepis diminuta | 2 | |
| Hymenolepis nana | 2 | |
| Isospora spp | 2 | |
| Leishmania brasiliensis | 2 | (*) |
| Leishmania donovani | 2 | (*) |
| Leishmania major | 2 | |
| Leishmania mexicana | 2 | |
| Leishmania peruviana | 2 | |
| Leishmania spp | 2 | |
| Leishmania tropica | 2 | |
| Leishmania ethiopica | 2 | |
| Loa loa | 2 | |
| Madurella grisea | 2 | |
| Madurella mycetomatis | 2 | |
| Mansonella ozzardi | 2 | |
| Mansonella perstans | 2 | |
| Microsporidium spp | 2 | |
| Naegleria fowleri | 2 | |
| Naegleria gruberi | 2 | |
| Necator americanus | 2 | |
| Onchocerca volvulus | 2 | |
| Opisthorchis felineus | 2 | |
| Opisthorchis spp | 2 | |
| Paragonimus westermani | 2 | |
| Plasmodium cynomolgi | 2 | |
| Plasmodium falciparum | 2 | (*) |
| Plasmodium malariae | 2 | |
| Plasmodium ovale | 2 | |
| Plasmodium spp (human and simian) | 2 | |
| Plasmodium vivax | 2 | |
| Sarcocystis suihominis | 2 | |
| Scedosporium apiospermum (Pseudallescheria boidii) | 2 | |
| Scedosporium prolificans (inflatum) | 2 | |
| Schistosoma haematobium | 2 | |
| Schistosoma intercalatum | 2 | |
| Schistosoma japonicum | 2 | |
| Schistosoma mansoni | 2 | |
| Schistosoma mekongi | 2 | |
| Strongyloides spp | 2 | |
| Strongyloides stercoralis | 2 | |
| Taenia saginata | 2 | |
| Taenia solium | 2 | (*) |
| Toxocara canis | 2 | |
| Toxoplasma gondii | 2 | |
| Trichinella spiralis | 2 | |
| Trichuris trichiura | 2 | |
| Trypanosoma brucei brucei | 2 | |
| Trypanosoma brucei gambiense | 2 | |
| Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense | 2 | (*) |
| Trypanosoma cruzi | 2 | |
| Wuchereria bancrofti | 2 | |
| Fungi | ||
| Acremonium falciforme | 2 | E |
| Acremonium kiliense | 2 | E |
| Acremonium potronii | 2 | E |
| Acremonium recifei | 2 | E |
| Acremonium roseogriseum | 2 | E |
| Alternaria anamorph of Pleospora infectoria | 2 | E |
| Aphanoascus fulvescens | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus amstelodami | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus caesiellus | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus candidus | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus carneus | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus flavus | 2 | |
| Aspergillus fumigatus | 2 | |
| Aspergillus glaucus | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus oryzae | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus penicillioides | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus restrictus | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus sydowi | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus terreus | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus unguis | 2 | E |
| Aspergillus versicolor | 2 | E |
| Beauveria bassiana | 2 | E |
| Blastomyces dermatitidis (Ajellomyces dermatitidis) | 2 | A |
| Candida albicans | 2 | A |
| Candida lipolytica | 2 | E |
| Candida pulcherrima | 2 | E |
| Candida ravautii | 2 | E |
| Candida tropicalis | 2 | |
| Candida viswanathii | 2 | E |
| Chaetoconidium spp | 2 | E |
| Chaetomium spp | 2 | E |
| Chaetosphaeronema larense | 2 | E |
| Cladophialophora bantiana (Xylophora bantiana, Cladosporium bantianum or C. trichoides) | 2 | |
| Cladophialophora carrioni (Cladosporium carrioni) | 2 | |
| Cladosporium cladosporioides | 2 | E |
| Coccidioides immitis | 3 | A |
| Conidiobolus incongruus | 2 | E |
| Coprinus cinereus | 2 | E |
| Cryptococcus neoformans | 2 | |
| Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii (Filobasidiella bacillispora) | 2 | A |
| Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans (Filobasidiella neoformans var. neoformans) | 2 | A |
| Cunninghamella geniculata | 2 | E |
| Curvularia pallescens | 2 | E |
| Curvularia senegalensis | 2 | E |
| Cylindrocarpon tonkinense | 2 | E |
| Drechslera spp | 2 | E |
| Emmonsia parva var. crescens | 2 | |
| Emmonsia parva var. parva | 2 | |
| Epidermophyton floccosum | 2 | A |
| Epidermophyton spp | 2 | |
| Exophiala (Wangiella) dermatitidis | 2 | |
| Exophiala moniliae | 2 | E |
| Fonsecaea compacta | 2 | |
| Fonsecaea pedrosoi | 2 | |
| Fusarium dimerum | 2 | E |
| Fusarium nivale | 2 | E |
| Geotrichum candidum | 2 | E |
| Hansenula polymorpha | 2 | E |
| Histoplasma capsulatum duboisii | 3 | |
| Histoplasma capsulatum var capsulatum (Ajellomyces capsulatus) | 3 | |
| Lasiodiplodia theobramae | 2 | E |
| Madurella grisea | 2 | |
| Madurella mycetomatis | 2 | |
| Madurella spp | 2 | |
| Microascus desmosporus | 2 | E |
| Microsporum aldouinii | 2 | A |
| Microsporum canis | 2 | A |
| Microsporum spp | 2 | A |
| Mucor rouxianus | 2 | E |
| Mycelia sterilia | 2 | E |
| Mycocentrospora acerina | 2 | E |
| Neotestudina rosatii | 2 | |
| Oidiodendron cerealis | 2 | E |
| Paecilomyces lilacinus | 2 | E |
| Paecilomyces variotti | 2 | E |
| Paecilomyces viridis | 2 | E |
| Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (in the sporulation phase presents a higher risk of infection) | 2 | |
| Penicillium chrysogenum | 2 | E |
| Penicillium citrinum | 2 | E |
| Penicillium commune | 2 | E |
| Penicillium expansum | 2 | E |
| Penicillium marneffei | 2 | A |
| Penicillium spinulosum | 2 | E |
| Phialophora hoffmannii | 2 | E |
| Phialophora parasitica | 2 | E |
| Phialophora repens | 2 | E |
| Phoma hibernica | 2 | E |
| Phyllosticta ovalis | 2 | E |
| Phyllosticta spp | 2 | E |
| Pneumocystis carinii | 2 | |
| Pyrenochaeta unguis-hominis | 2 | E |
| Rhizoctonia spp | 2 | E |
| Rhodotorula pilimanae | 2 | E |
| Rhodotorula rubra | 2 | E |
| Scedosporium apiospermum (Pseudallescheria boidii) | 2 | |
| Scedosporium prolificans (inflatum) | 2 | |
| Schizophyllum commune | 2 | E |
| Scopulariops acremonium | 2 | E |
| Scopulariops brumptii | 2 | E |
| Sporothrix schenckii | 2 | |
| Stenella araguata | 2 | E |
| Taeniolella stilbospora | 2 | E |
| Tetraploa spp | 2 | E |
| Trichophyton rubrum | 2 | |
| Trichophyton spp | 2 | |
| Trichosporon capitatum | 2 | E |
| Tritirachium oryzae | 2 | E |
| Volutella cinerescens | 2 | E |
Sources:
1. Brazil (2004) General Guidelines for Work in Containment with Biological Material. Series A: Standards and Technical Manuals. Ministry of Health, Secretariat of Science, Technology and Strategic Inputs, Brasília: Ministry of Health, 60p.
2. EU (2000) Council Directive 2000/54/EC. OJ L 262, 17.10.2000, 21p.
3. ABSA (2005) Risk Group Classification for Infectious Agents. http://www.absa.org/resriskgroup.html, accessed on July 11, 2005.
(a) Tick-borne encephalitis.
(b) The hepatitis D virus is pathogenic only in the presence of simultaneous or secondary infection caused by the hepatitis B virus. Thus, vaccinating individuals who are not carriers of the hepatitis B virus also immunizes against hepatitis D (Delta).
(c) Only for types A and B.
(d) Two viruses are identified: one is the buffalopox type and the other is a variant of the Vaccinia virus.
(e) To date, there is no evidence of disease in humans caused by simian-origin retroviruses. As a precaution, level 3 containment is recommended for work with this agent.
(f) To date, there is no evidence of infections in humans caused by the agents responsible for bovine spongiform encephalopathy. However, level 2 containment, at minimum, is recommended for laboratory work with this agent.