AOPD (Active Opto-electronic Protective Device): Device with the function of detecting interruption of optical emission by an opaque object present in the specified detection zone, such as a light curtain, multi-beam laser presence detector, laser area monitor, safety photocells for access control. Its function is performed by optoelectronic sensor and receiver elements.
Adapted Vehicles: Vehicles that have undergone modifications to their original characteristics to alter their purpose for passenger transport.
Additive: Substance or product added to pesticides, components, and related products to enhance their action, function, durability, stability, detection, or to facilitate the production process.
Adjuvant: Product used in mixture with formulated products to improve their application.
Agricultural Tractor: A medium to large self-propelled machine designed to pull or drag agricultural implements. It has a wide range of applications in agriculture and livestock and is characterized by having at least two axles for tires or tracks and a weight, without ballast or implements, greater than 600 kg (six hundred kilograms) and a minimum track width between rear tires, with the largest specified tire, greater than 1280 mm (one thousand two hundred and eighty millimeters).
Agricultural and Forestry Implement: Non-motorized device connected to a machine that, when pulled, dragged, or operated, allows the execution of specific operations for agriculture, livestock, and forestry, such as soil preparation, cultural treatments, planting, harvesting, irrigation and drainage trenching, transportation, feed or fertilizer distribution, pruning, and tree felling, etc.
Angle of Inclination: Angle formed between the inclination of the access medium and the horizontal plane.
Animal Waste Composting: Biological process that accelerates the decomposition and allows the recycling of organic matter contained in animal waste.
Atmospheric Electrical Discharge: Natural electrical discharge from nature through lightning.
Backpack Brush Cutter: A manually operated mechanical device powered by an engine, used to cut grasses and other types of vegetation.
Bead: The reinforced and more rigid part of the tire that contacts the rim, ensuring its fixation.
Bedding: A set of bed linens consisting of a pillowcase, bottom sheet, sheet, and blanket, the latter according to the need and climatic conditions of the region.
Burn Threshold: Surface temperature that defines the limit between the absence of burns and a superficial partial-thickness burn, caused by skin contact with a heated surface, for a specific contact period.
Bypass: Act of simply nullifying the normal and safe functioning of devices or systems of the machine, using any available objects for activation, such as screws, needles, metal sheet pieces, everyday objects like keys and coins, or tools required for the normal use of the machine.
Category 1: The occurrence of a fault may lead to the loss of the safety function, but the probability of its occurrence is lower than for category B.
Category 2: The safety function is checked at intervals by the system: a) The occurrence of a fault may lead to the loss of the safety function between checks; and b) The loss of the safety function is detected by the check.
Category 3: When the system behavior allows that: a) When an isolated fault occurs, the safety function is always fulfilled; b) Some, but not all, faults are detected; and c) The accumulation of undetected faults leads to the loss of the safety function.
Category 4: When the parts of the safety-related control systems must be designed in such a way that: a) An isolated fault in any of these safety-related parts does not lead to the loss of safety functions; and b) The isolated fault is detected before or during the next action on the safety function, for example, immediately upon command activation, at the end of the machine’s operation cycle. If this detection is not possible, the accumulation of faults should not lead to the loss of safety functions.
Category B: Characterized mainly by the selection of components. The occurrence of a fault may lead to the loss of the safety function. (Rectified by Ordinance MTP No. 698, April 4, 2022).
Category: Classification of parts of a control system related to safety, with respect to their resistance to faults and subsequent behavior in the event of a fault, achieved through the combination and interconnection of parts and/or their reliability. The performance concerning the occurrence of faults in a safety-related part of a control system is divided into five categories (B, 1, 2, 3, and 4), according to the technical standard ABNT NBR 14153 – Safety of machinery – Safety-related parts of control systems – General principles for design, equivalent to the European technical standard EN 954-1 – Safety of machinery. Safety related parts of control systems. General principles for design, which takes into account qualitative principles for their selection. The European standard EN 954 was replaced by the international standard ISO 13849 after a period of adaptation and coexistence, translated in Brazil by the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards – ABNT, through the publication of the technical standard ABNT NBR ISO 13849 parts 1 and 2, updated in 2019. ISO 13849-1 provides requirements for the design and integration of components related to the safety of control systems, including some aspects of software, expressed by Performance Level (PL), which is classified from “a” to “e”. The concept of category is maintained, but there are additional requirements that must be met for a performance level to be claimed by a system or component, with the reliability of the data used in a quantitative analysis of the safety system being fundamental. Imported machines and components that already use the PL concept should not be considered non-compliant with NR-12 solely for this reason, as there is a correlation, though not linear, between the concepts of PL and category (see Technical Note DSST/SIT No. 48/2016).
Chainsaw: A handheld motorized saw mainly used for cutting and pruning trees.
Closed Cabin: Part of the machine that completely encloses the operator’s workstation, equipped with a climate control system, where air entry occurs exclusively through an air purification system.
Coffee Harvester: Self-propelled agricultural equipment that performs the stripping and harvesting of coffee.
Collective Fall Protection System (CFPS): Collective system designed to eliminate the risk of workers falling or to minimize the consequences of a fall.
Collective Protection: A device, system, or means, fixed or mobile, intended to preserve the physical integrity and health of workers and third parties.
Collective Worker Transport: Transport conducted in standardized vehicles, authorized by the competent traffic authority, carrying more than eight passengers, excluding the driver.
Configurable Safety Controller – CCS: Computerized electronic equipment – hardware, which uses configurable memory to internally store and execute specific program functions – software, such as sequencing, timing, counting, and safety blocks, controlling, and monitoring various types of machines or processes through safety inputs and outputs. It must have three basic operating principles: redundancy, diversity, and self-test. The installed program must ensure its effectiveness to minimize the possibility of human error in the design, to avoid compromising any safety-related function, as well as not allowing alteration of specific safety function blocks.
Confined Space: Any area not designed for continuous human occupancy, with limited means of entry and exit or an internal configuration that can trap or suffocate a worker, and where ventilation is nonexistent or insufficient to remove hazardous contaminants and/or oxygen deficiency/enrichment that may exist or develop, or that contains material with the potential to engulf/drown a worker entering the space.
Construction Machine in Agroforestry Application: Machine originally designed for construction and soil movement work and equipped with specific devices for performing agroforestry-related tasks.
Continuous Action Device (also known as non-latching control device): Manually actuated device that initiates and maintains the operation of machine or equipment elements only while it is actuated.
Controls: Devices that compose the operation interface between man and machine, including start, activation, and stop devices, such as buttons, pedals, levers, joysticks, touch screens, among others, usually visible. Controls generate the machine or equipment command signals.
Cotton Harvester: Machine that has a rotating spindle system that removes the cotton fiber without damaging the plant’s vegetative parts, such as stems and leaves. Certain models feature the simultaneous separation of fiber and seed during the harvesting operation.
Danger Zone: Any area inside or around a machine or equipment where a person may be exposed to the risk of injury or health damage.
Decontamination: Removal of a chemical, physical, or biological contaminant.
Designed Machine or Implement: All equipment or device designed, calculated, dimensioned, and constructed by a legally qualified professional for appropriate and safe use.
Distant Fixed Guard: Protection that does not completely cover the danger zone but prevents or reduces access due to its dimensions and its distance from the danger zone, such as a perimeter fence or tunnel guard.
Diversity: Application of components, devices, or systems with different principles or types, which can reduce the likelihood of a hazardous condition.
Drift: Fraction of active pesticide ingredients and related products that do not reach the target.
Drinking Water: Water intended for consumption, food preparation, and production that meets the potability standards established by government regulations.
Driver Qualified to Drive a Collective Worker Transport Vehicle: One who holds a category “D” or higher driver’s license and has completed a course for driving collective passenger transport vehicles.
Dry Pit: Excavation, with or without internal lining, made in the ground to receive waste from sanitary installations.
Dryers: Equipment intended for the artificial drying of agricultural products through forced ventilation using heated or unheated air, excluding greenhouses.
ESPS (Electro-sensitive Protective Systems): System composed of devices or components that operate together for the purpose of protection and sensing human presence, comprising at least: sensing device, monitoring or control device, and output signal switching device.
Electrical Control Circuit: Circuit responsible for carrying the signal generated by the machine or equipment controls to the devices and components whose function is to command the activation of machines and equipment, such as safety interfaces, relays, contactors, among others, usually located in electrical panels or protected by the structure or casing of machines and equipment.
External Platform or Ladder for Self-Propelled Agricultural, Forestry, and Construction Machines in Agroforestry Applications: A support device not permanently fixed to the machine.
Extreme Weather Conditions: Weather conditions.
Fail-Safe: The principle that requires a system to enter a safe state when a fault occurs in a safety-relevant component. The main prerequisite for this principle is the existence of a safe state into which the system can be designed to enter when faults occur. A typical example is the train protection system (safe state = stopped train). A system may not have a safe state, such as an airplane. In this case, the principle of safe life must be used, requiring redundancy and high-reliability components to ensure that the system always functions.
Fall Protection System: Structure attached to the machine or equipment, designed to prevent the fall of people, materials, or objects.
Feller Buncher: Forestry tractor designed to cut and bunch trees for whole-tree harvesting, using a cutting implement with a disk or circular saw and clamps to hold and bunch several logs simultaneously.
Fixed Ladder: Permanent access means with an angle of inclination from 75° (seventy-five degrees) to 90° (ninety degrees), whose horizontal elements are bars or rungs.
Fixed Shelter: Any permanently fixed installation for the protection of workers.
Forage Harvester or Self-Propelled Forage Harvester: Self-propelled agricultural equipment suitable for harvesting and foraging corn, sorghum, sunflower, and others. It offers precise plant cutting, being able to harvest or collect, chop, and gather the cut crop into containers or separate transfer vehicles.
GLOSSARY
Grain Harvester: Machine intended for grain harvesting, such as wheat, soybeans, corn, rice, beans, etc. The product is collected through a cutting platform and conveyed to the threshing and separation area, where the grain is separated from the straw, which is expelled, while the grain is transported to the grain tank.
Handle or Handgrip: Auxiliary device, incorporated into the machine structure or affixed to it, intended to allow access.
Handle: Accessory used on wheelbarrows for the worker’s grip, aiding in protection and hand adhesion.
Harvester: Forestry tractor designed for felling trees, using a processing head that cuts logs one by one and can process branch removal and subsequent cutting into standardized logs.
Hazard: A source with the potential to cause injury or health problems.
Hermetically Sealed: Sealed to prevent the entry of air or the leakage of products.
Hydraulic Excavator in Forestry Application: Excavator designed to perform construction work that can be used in forestry applications through the installation of special devices that allow cutting, delimbing, processing, or loading logs.
Impeding Device: Any physical obstacle (barrier, rail, etc.) that, without completely preventing access to a hazardous zone, reduces the likelihood of access to this zone by offering an obstruction to free access.
Indelible Information or Symbol: Information applied directly to the machine, which must be kept intact and legible throughout the machine’s use.
Inhibitor or Deflector: Physical obstacle that, without completely preventing access to a hazardous zone, reduces its likelihood by restricting access possibilities.
Instructional Seat: Seat of a self-propelled machine designed exclusively for instructional purposes.
Interlocking Device: Device associated with a guard, whose purpose is to prevent the operation of hazardous machine functions under specific conditions (usually while the guard is not closed), with mechanical actuation (with physical contact), such as mechanical interlocking devices, or non-mechanical actuation (without physical contact), such as inductive, magnetic, capacitive, ultrasonic, optical, and radiofrequency interlocking devices. They may or may not be coded, depending on the application, and their installation should make bypassing by simple means difficult, such as screwdrivers, nails, wires, tapes, common magnets, metal objects, etc. (ISO 14119 – Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection).
Interlocking with guard locking: Protection associated with an interlocking device with a locking device, so that:
Internal Roads: Roads within the rural establishment used for vehicle circulation.
Intoxication: Set of signs and symptoms caused by exposure to harmful chemical substances to the organism.
Itinerant Activity: Activity carried out continuously moving from place to place, performing a function without using a fixed support point.
Legally Qualified Professional: A previously qualified worker with registration in the relevant professional council, if necessary.
Limited Movement Control Device: Device whose actuation allows only a limited movement of a machine or equipment element, thus reducing the risk as much as possible, excluding any further movement until the actuating device is deactivated and actuated again.
Limiting Device: Device that prevents a machine, or hazardous conditions of a machine, from exceeding a predetermined limit (e.g., space limiter, pressure limiter, torque limiter, etc.).
Low Speed or Reduced Speed: Speed lower than the operating speed, compatible with safe work.
Machine: A set of combined mechanisms to receive a defined form of energy, transform it, and return it in a more appropriate form, or to produce a specific effect or perform a specific function. For example, an agricultural tractor whose engine fueled with fuel produces a force that can pull or drag implements and also, through the Power Take-Off (PTO), provide energy for their operation.
Manual Machine or Equipment: Portable machine or equipment guided by hand.
Materials: Those intended to support and assist workers during their stay in work fronts. These materials can be transported inside the vehicle as long as they are properly packed so as not to shift during transport, not posing risks to workers’ health and safety.
Mechanical Device: Retention, restriction, obstruction, limiters, separators, pushers, inhibitors/deflectors, retractable, adjustable, or self-closing devices.
Mechanical Interlocking Device: Device whose operation is given by the insertion/removal of an external actuator in the device body, or by the direct (or positive) mechanical action of machine or equipment parts, usually mobile guards, on mechanical elements of the device. It is subject to wear and should be used redundantly and diversely when risk assessment requires it, to avoid that a mechanical failure, such as actuator or other elements breakage, leads to the loss of the safety function. When redundancy (two devices) is required, one can be applied with direct opening action of a normally closed (NC) contact element, and the other with non-direct opening action (by spring action) of a normally open (NO) contact element, generating stop signals, among other possible configurations. Depending also on the safety interface used, which can operate with equal or inverted signals (ISO 14119 – Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection).
Mechanical Restraint Device: Device that functions by inserting a mechanical obstacle, such as a wedge, shaft, spindle, brace, chock, etc., into a mechanism capable of opposing any hazardous movement by its own resistance, for example, preventing a slide from falling in the event of normal retention system failure.
Mechanical Risk: Any risk within the performed activity that can generate immediate or non-immediate bodily injury to the worker.
Mechanically Linked Contacts: A combination of normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC) contacts designed so that the contacts cannot be in the closed (or open) position simultaneously. It applies to auxiliary contacts of control devices where the actuation force is provided internally, such as contactors.
Microtractor and Self-Propelled Lawnmower: Small machine intended for general services and residential or commercial garden maintenance. Its gross weight without implements does not exceed 600 kg (six hundred kilograms).
Mirror Contacts: Normally closed (NC) auxiliary contact that cannot be in the closed position simultaneously with one of the main (power) contacts in the same contactor. Thus, mirror contacts refer to the mechanical linkage between the auxiliary contacts and the main contacts of a contactor.
Mobile Shelter: Any installation that can be moved to different locations for the protection of workers.
Monitoring: An intrinsic function of the component design or performed by a safety interface that ensures the functionality of a safety system when a component or device has its function reduced or limited, or when there are dangerous situations due to changes in process conditions.
Muting: The automatic and temporary deactivation of a safety function by safety components or safety control circuits during normal machine operation.
Narrow Agricultural Tractor: A small tractor intended for fruit, coffee, and other applications where space is restricted and used for small implements. It has a minimum track width between rear tires, with the largest specified tire, less than or equal to 1280 mm (one thousand two hundred and eighty millimeters), and a gross weight above 600 kg (six hundred kilograms).
Operating Station: The location on the machine or equipment from where the worker operates the machine.
Optional: A non-mandatory device or system, such as auxiliary headlights.
Orange Harvester: Self-propelled agricultural machine that performs the harvesting of oranges and similar citrus fruits.
Organic Dust: Dust of plant, animal, or microbiological origin.
Pathogenic Agents: Organisms capable of causing infectious diseases in their hosts whenever they are in favorable conditions.
Permit to Work – Work Order: A specific, auditable written document that contains, at a minimum, the description of the work, the date, location, name, and function of the workers and those responsible for the work and its issuance, and the work and safety procedures.
Personal Fall Protection System (PFPS): Individual system designed to eliminate the risk of workers falling or to minimize the consequences of a fall.
Personal Use Materials: Those intended to meet a worker’s basic needs for food, health, hygiene, comfort, and leisure.
Pesticides and Related Products: Chemical products with toxic properties used in agriculture to control pests, diseases, or weeds that damage crops. Related products are those with characteristics or functions similar to pesticides.
Platforms: Flat structures placed above ground level, forming an elevated floor to highlight an item or object.
Pole Pruner: A machine similar to a chainsaw, equipped with an extension handle for greater reach in pruning operations.
Positive Action: When a moving mechanical component inevitably moves another component with it, either through direct contact or via rigid elements, the second component is said to be actuated in a positive manner, or positively, by the first.
Positive Break – Positive Opening Operation of a Contact Element: The realization of the separation of a contact as a direct result of a specific movement of the switch actuator, through non-resilient parts, i.e., not dependent on the action of springs.
Power Tiller – Handle Tractor, “Mechanical Mule” or Microtractor: A motorized two-wheeled device used to pull various implements, from soil preparation to harvesting. It is characterized by the operator walking behind the equipment during work.
Prevention: A set of measures taken or planned at all stages of activities to avoid, eliminate, minimize, or control occupational risks.
Privacy Protection: Measure intended to prevent exposure of the worker’s privacy during physiological activities and/or bathing.
Protected Cultivation: Technique that allows certain control of climatic variables such as temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and wind. The most known is that performed in greenhouses.
Qualified Professional for Supervising Training: A professional who proves completion of a specific course in the area of expertise, compatible with the course to be taught, with registration in the relevant professional council, if necessary.
Qualified Professional or Worker: One who proves completion of a specific course in their area of expertise, recognized by the official education system.
Ramp: Permanent inclined access means with an angle of inclination from 0° (zero degrees) to 20° (twenty degrees).
Rear Position Light: Device designed to emit a light signal to indicate the presence of a machine.
Redundancy: The application of more than one component, device, or system to ensure that, if one fails in performing its function, another will be available to perform this function.
Reentry Interval: The interval of time between the application of pesticides or related products and the entry of people into the treated area without the need for PPE.
Rest Breaks: Interruptions in the workday determined by the employer to allow workers to recover from the fatigue accumulated during activities performed standing and/or activities that require static or dynamic muscular overload.
Risk Analysis: Combination of specifying machine limits, identifying hazards, and estimating risks (ABNT NBR ISO 12100).
Risk Assessment: Complete process comprising risk analysis and risk evaluation (ABNT NBR ISO 12100).
Risk Evaluation: Judgment based on risk analysis of how well the risk reduction objectives have been achieved (ABNT NBR ISO 12100).
Risk Reduction: Actions to reduce the probability of harm to the physical integrity and health of the worker.
Risk: The probability of harm to the physical integrity and health of the worker.
Rural Employer or Equivalent: A natural or legal person, owner or not, who engages in agro-economic activities on a permanent or temporary basis, directly or through representatives, with the assistance of employees. Equivalent to a rural employer is a natural or legal person who, habitually and professionally, on behalf of others, performs agrarian services using the labor of others.
Rural Establishment: Property or land area, located inside or outside urban boundaries, intended for agro-economic activity, agriculture, livestock, forestry, and aquaculture, on a temporary or permanent basis, directly or through representatives and with the assistance of workers, considering work fronts as an extension of it.
Safety Distance: Distance that protects people from reaching hazardous zones under specific conditions for different access situations. When using guards, that is, physical barriers that restrict access to the body or part of it, the minimum distances specified in Tables 4, 5, and 6 and Figures 7 and 8 of Annex II of this Standard, which presents the main tables and charts of ABNT NBR NM ISO 13852 – Safety of machinery – Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by upper limbs, should be observed. The safety distances to prevent access to hazard zones by lower limbs are determined by ABNT NBR NM ISO 13853 – Safety of machinery – Safety distances to prevent access to danger zones by lower limbs and should be used when there is only risk to the lower limbs, as when there is risk to both upper and lower limbs, the safety distances for upper limbs provided in the standard should be met. The provisions of technical standards ABNT NBR NM ISO 13852 and ABNT NBR NM ISO 13853 are gathered in a single standard, EN ISO 13857 – Safety of machinery – Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs, still untranslated in Brazil.
Safety Electrical Controls or Interfaces: Devices responsible for monitoring and verifying the interconnection, position, and operation of other system devices. They prevent failures that could cause the loss of the safety function, such as safety relays, configurable safety controllers, and safety programmable logic controllers.
Safety Interface: Device responsible for monitoring, verifying the interconnection, position, and operation of other system devices, preventing failure that causes the loss of the safety function, such as safety relays, configurable safety controllers, and safety PLCs.
Safety Programmable Logic Controller – PLC: Computerized electronic equipment – hardware, which uses programmable memory to internally store and execute specific program instructions and functions – software, such as logic, sequencing, timing, counting, arithmetic, and safety blocks, controlling, and monitoring various types of machines or processes through safety inputs and outputs. The safety PLC must have three basic operating principles: redundancy, diversity, and self-test. The installed program must ensure its effectiveness to minimize the possibility of human error in the design, to avoid compromising any safety-related function, as well as not allowing alteration of specific safety function blocks.
Safety Relay: A component with redundancy and dedicated electronic circuitry to activate and supervise specific safety functions, such as safety switches, sensors, emergency stop circuits, ESPE, valves, and contactors, ensuring that in the event of a failure or defect in these or their function, the machine stops operating and does not allow a new cycle to start until the defect is fixed. It must have three basic operating principles: redundancy, diversity, and self-test.
Safety Valve and Block: Component connected to the machine or equipment to allow or block, when activated, the passage of liquid or gaseous fluids, such as compressed air and hydraulic fluids, to start or stop the functions of the machine or equipment. It must have monitoring to verify its interconnection, position, and operation, preventing failure that causes the loss of the safety function.
Safety Zone: Area necessary for the implementation, operation, and maintenance of the Rural Distribution Line. The safety zone is generally 10 m (ten meters) wide, i.e., 5 m (five meters) on each side of the line axis.
Sealed Compartment: Compartment with waterproof and isolation characteristics designed to prevent product leakage.
Selector – Selector Switch, Validation Device: A selector switch or command mode selector with restricted access or password in such a way that: a) It can be locked in each position, preventing unauthorized workers from changing its position; b) Each position corresponds to a single mode of command or operation; c) The selected command mode takes priority over all other command systems, except emergency stop; and d) The selection is visible, clear, and easily identifiable.
Self-Propelled Agricultural and Forestry Machine: Machine intended for agricultural and forestry activities that moves over land with its own propulsion system.
Self-Propelled Fertilizer Spreader: Machine designed for the application of solid granular fertilizer, developed for the sugarcane sector.
Self-Propelled Sprayer: An instrument or machine used in agriculture to combat crop pests, weed infestations, and insects. It is characterized by its ability to cover large areas with very high productivity and precise control of the dosage of applied products. Its main function is to allow dosage control in the application of pesticides or fertilizers over a given area.
Self-Propelled or Self-Moving Machine: Machine that moves over land with its own propulsion system, such as tractors, harvesters, and sprayers.
Self-Test: Functional test automatically executed by the device itself during system startup and at specific intervals to check for faults and defects, bringing the device to a safe condition.
Septic Tank: Primary treatment unit for domestic sewage, where the separation and physicochemical transformation of solid matter in the sewage occurs.
Shaker: Manually operated mechanical device powered by a side or backpack motor that vibrates the rods at its ends, promoting fruit stripping.
Shielded Electrical Installations: Those where there is protection to isolate conductive parts from electrical contact.
Splashes: Splattering of any liquid.
Stair: Permanent access means with an angle of inclination from 20° (twenty degrees) to 45° (forty-five degrees), whose horizontal elements are steps with risers.
Starter Switch: Combination of all maneuvering devices necessary to start and stop a motor.
Stationary Machine: One that remains fixed at a work station, i.e., transportable for use on a bench or another stable surface where it can be fixed.
Step Ladder: Permanent access means with an angle of inclination from 45° (forty-five degrees) to 75° (seventy-five degrees), whose horizontal elements are steps without risers.
Straddle Tractor: Agricultural tractor where, due to its small dimensions, the operating platform consists of only a small floor on the sides for foot support and operation.
Sufficient Number of Seats: Minimum number of seats that must accommodate the number of workers, considering the meal break schedule.
Sugarcane Harvester: Equipment that allows the uniform harvesting of sugarcane, generating higher productivity by having a base-cutting system capable of cutting the sugarcane following the soil profile, reducing the amount of impurities and straw in the final product. It has an elevator system that moves the cut cane to the transfer unit.
Superficial Partial Thickness Burn: A burn in which the epidermis is completely destroyed, but the hair follicles and sebaceous glands, as well as the sweat glands, are spared.
Swampy Land: Portion of land covered with water either permanently or seasonally.
Symbol – Pictogram: Standardized schematic drawing intended to signify certain simple indications.
Technical Specification and Limitation: Detailed information on the machine or manual, such as capacity, rotation speed, maximum tool dimensions, mass of detachable parts, adjustment data, need for PPE use, inspection and maintenance frequency, etc.
Toilet: A sanitary piece made of ceramic, metal, or other materials with equivalent characteristics, equipped with a lid made of metal, wood, plastic, or other materials with equivalent characteristics.
Tool: An operational utensil indispensable for performing some rural work activities.
Toxicological Classification: Grouping of pesticides into classes according to their toxicity.
Trailed Equipment: Equipment that performs the activity for which it was designed, moving by means of the propulsion system of another machine that guides it.
Trailed Fertilizer Spreader: Agricultural implement that, when attached to an agricultural tractor, can perform the operation of applying solid granular or powdered fertilizers.
Trailed Forage Harvester: Agricultural implement that, when attached to an agricultural tractor, can perform the operation of harvesting or collecting and shredding forage plants, with the shredded material, such as forage, deposited in separate containers or transfer vehicles.
Trailed Mechanized Atomizer: Agricultural implement that, when attached to an agricultural tractor, performs the operation of spraying pesticides, related products, and nutrients using a high-velocity air stream.
Trailed Planter: An agricultural implement that, when attached to an agricultural tractor, can perform planting operations for crops such as seeds, seedlings, tubers, or others.
Trailed Sprayer: An agricultural implement that, when attached to an agricultural tractor, can perform the operation of applying pesticides.
Trained Professional or Worker: One who has received training under the guidance and responsibility of a qualified professional.
Treated Area: Area that has been subjected to the application of pesticides and/or related products.
Two-Hand Control Device: Device that requires simultaneous actuation using both hands to initiate and keep the operator’s hands on the actuating devices (usually buttons) while a hazardous condition exists, providing protection only to the person operating it. Required distances between the actuating devices and other information can be obtained from technical standards ISO 13851 – Safety of machinery — Two-hand control devices – Principles for design and selection and ANBT NBR 14152 – Safety of machinery – Two-hand control devices – Functional aspects and design principles.
Utilization Phase: Phase that includes all stages of construction, transportation, assembly, installation, adjustment, operation, cleaning, maintenance, inspection, deactivation, and disassembly.
Waste: Leftover from the production process in solid or liquid state.
Work Clothes: Clothing suitable for the activity performed by the worker in handling pesticides, additives, adjuvants, and related products, compatible with the associated use of PPE against pesticides, and distinct from personal clothing.
Workplace: Any location of machines, equipment, and implements where worker intervention is required.
a) the hazardous functions covered by the protection cannot operate while the machine is not closed and locked;
b) the protection remains locked in the closed position until the risk of accident due to the hazardous functions of the machine has ceased; and
c) when the protection is locked in the closed position, the hazardous functions of the machine can operate, but closing and locking the protection does not initiate the operation of these functions by itself. Generally, it is in the form of an electromechanical safety switch with two parts: body and actuator-tongue.