(MTE Ordinance No. 1420, of August 27, 2024)
CONTENTS
18.1 Objective
18.2 Scope
18.3 Responsibilities
18.4 Risk Management Program
18.5 Living areas
18.6 Electrical installations
18.7 Work stages
18.8 Stairs, ramps, and walkways
18.9 Measures for protection against falls from height
18.10 Machines, equipment, and tools
18.11 Movement and transportation of materials and people (elevators)
18.12 Scaffolding and work platforms
18.13 Safety signs
18.14 Training
18.15 Services on floating equipment
18.16 General provisions
18.17 Transitional provisions
Annex I – Training: course load, frequency, and program content
Annex II – Steel wire and synthetic fibre ropes
Glossary
18.1 Objective
18.1.1 This Regulatory Standard (NR) aims to establish administrative, planning, and organizational guidelines to implement control measures and preventive safety systems in processes, conditions, and the work environment in the construction industry.
18.2 Scope
18.2.1 This standard applies to construction industry activities listed in section “F” of the National Classification of Economic Activities (CNAE) and to demolition, repair, painting, cleaning, and maintenance activities of buildings in general and urbanization works.
18.3 Responsibilities
18.3.1 The construction organization must:
a) prohibit the entry or stay of workers on the construction site unless they are protected by the measures provided for in this NR;
b) make the Prior Notice in the computerized system of the Subsecretariat of Labor Inspection (SIT) before the start of activities, according to the current legislation.
18.4 Risk Management Program (PGR)
18.4.1 It is mandatory to prepare and implement the PGR at construction sites, covering occupational risks and their respective preventive measures.
18.4.2 The PGR must be prepared by a legally qualified occupational safety professional and implemented under the organization’s responsibility.
18.4.2.1 At construction sites up to 7 meters high and with a maximum of 10 workers, the PGR can be prepared by a qualified occupational safety professional and implemented under the organization’s responsibility.
18.4.3 The PGR, in addition to complying with the requirements of NR-01, must include the following documents:
a) project of the living area of the construction site and any work front, according to item 18.5 of this NR, prepared by a legally qualified professional;
b) electrical project of the temporary installations, prepared by a legally qualified professional;
c) projects of collective protection systems prepared by a legally qualified professional;
d) projects of Personal Fall Protection Systems (PFPS), when applicable, prepared by a legally qualified professional;
e) list of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and their respective technical specifications, according to the existing occupational risks.
18.4.3.1 The PGR must be updated according to the stage of the construction site.
18.4.4 Contracted companies must provide the contractor with the inventory of specific occupational risks of their activities, which must be included in the PGR of the construction site.
18.4.5 Work fronts must be considered in the preparation and implementation of the PGR.
18.4.6 Construction companies, regularly registered with the CONFEA/CREA System, under the responsibility of a legally qualified occupational safety professional, may adopt alternative solutions to the collective protection measures provided for in this NR, adopt work techniques, and use equipment, technologies, and other devices that:
a) provide technological advancement in worker safety, hygiene, and health;
b) aim to implement control measures and preventive safety systems in processes, conditions, and the work environment in the construction industry;
c) ensure the safe and healthy execution of tasks and activities.
18.4.6.1 The tasks to be performed using alternative solutions must be explicitly provided for in occupational safety procedures, including:
a) the occupational risks to which workers will be exposed;
b) the description of the equipment and collective protection measures to be implemented;
c) the identification and indication of the PPE to be used;
d) the description of the use and indication of procedures regarding Collective Protective Equipment (CPE) and PPE, according to the stages of the tasks to be performed;
e) the description of preventive measures to be observed during the execution of services, among other measures to be provided and prescribed by a legally qualified occupational safety professional.
18.4.6.2 Tasks involving alternative solutions should only be initiated with special authorization, preceded by risk analysis and work permission, covering training, operational procedures, materials, tools, and other devices necessary for the safe execution of the task.
18.4.6.3 Documentation related to the adoption of alternative solutions is part of the PGR of the construction site and must be available at the workplace, accompanied by the respective calculation memories, technical specifications, and work procedures.
18.5 Living areas
18.5.1 Living areas must be designed to provide workers with minimum safety, comfort, and privacy conditions and must be kept in perfect condition of conservation, hygiene, and cleanliness, including the following installations:
a) sanitary installation;
b) locker room;
c) dining area;
d) accommodation, when there are housed workers.
18.5.2 The living area’s installations must comply, where applicable, with the provisions of NR-24 (Sanitary and Comfort Conditions in the Workplace).
18.5.3 The sanitary installation must consist of a sink, a siphoned toilet with a seat and lid, and a urinal, in the ratio of 1 set for every 20 workers or fraction, as well as a shower, in the ratio of 1 unit for every 10 workers or fraction.
18.5.4 When necessary, accommodation must be installed on or off the construction site, including the following installations:
a) kitchen, when meals are prepared;
b) dining area;
c) sanitary installation;
d) laundry, equipped with suitable means for cleaning and ironing clothes;
e) leisure area for the recreation of housed workers, which may use the dining area for this purpose.
18.5.5 The distance from the worker’s workstation to the nearest sanitary installation should be a maximum of 150 meters.
18.5.6 The supply of potable, filtered, and fresh water to workers must be ensured on the construction site, at the work fronts, and in the accommodations through drinking fountains or equivalent devices, in the ratio of 1 unit for every 25 workers or fraction, with the use of collective cups being prohibited.
18.5.6.1 The supply of potable water must be guaranteed so that the distance from the workstation to the drinking fountain or equivalent device does not exceed 100 meters horizontally and 15 meters vertically.
18.5.6.2 If it is impossible to install a drinking fountain or equivalent device within the specified limits, companies must ensure the supply of potable, filtered, and fresh water in portable hermetic containers at the workstations.
18.5.7 At the work fronts, the following must be provided:
a) sanitary installation, consisting of a siphoned toilet with a seat and lid, and a sink for every 20 workers or fraction, which may be a chemical toilet with a flushing or waste isolation mechanism, equipped with hand washing and drying materials, with the use of collective towels prohibited, and the daily cleaning of the modules ensured;
b) dining area for workers, with minimum comfort and hygiene conditions, and proper protection against the elements.
18.5.7.1 Compliance with this item may occur through a formal agreement with nearby establishments, provided that safety, hygiene, and comfort are preserved, and the transportation of all workers to the location is guaranteed when necessary.
18.6 Electrical installations
18.6.1 The execution of temporary and permanent electrical installations must comply with NR-10 (Safety in Electrical Installations and Services).
18.6.2 Temporary electrical installations must be executed and maintained according to an electrical project prepared by a legally qualified professional.
18.6.3 Services in electrical installations must be performed by authorized workers according to NR-10.
18.6.4 It is forbidden to have live parts exposed and accessible to unauthorized workers in electrical installations and equipment.
18.6.5 Electrical conductors must:
a) be arranged so as not to obstruct the circulation of people and materials;
b) be protected against mechanical impacts, moisture, and agents that may damage the insulation;
c) have insulation in compliance with current national technical standards;
d) have double or reinforced insulation when intended to power mobile or portable electrical machines and equipment.
18.6.6 Electrical conductors’ connections, splices, and derivations must have mechanical strength, conductivity, and insulation compatible with the conditions of use.
18.6.7 Electrical installations must have a protective grounding system and be subjected to periodic electrical inspections and measurements, with the respective reports issued by a legally qualified professional, in compliance with the temporary electrical installations project and current national technical standards.
18.6.8 The conductive parts of electrical installations, machines, equipment, and tools not belonging to the electrical circuit but which may become energized in case of insulation failure must be connected to the protective grounding system.
18.6.9 The use of Residual Current Devices (RCD) is mandatory as an additional safety measure in electrical installations, in situations provided for in current national technical standards.
18.6.10 Electrical distribution boards must:
a) be sized to install the components of the electrical circuits that constitute them;
b) be made of materials resistant to the heat generated by the components of the installations;
c) have inaccessible and protected live parts for unauthorized workers;
d) have unobstructed access;
e) be installed with sufficient space for servicing and operation;
f) be identified and marked regarding electrical risk;
g) comply with the required protection class;
h) have their circuits identified.
18.6.11 The storage of any materials or objects in the distribution boards is prohibited.
18.6.12 The switching, control, and command devices of the electrical circuits must:
a) be compatible with the circuits they operate;
b) be identified;
c) have conditions for installing lockout and tagout to prevent energization.
18.6.13 In all branches or circuits intended to connect electrical equipment, independent disconnect devices must be installed that can be easily and safely operated.
18.6.14 Mobile machines and equipment and portable electrical tools must be connected to the power grid through a plug and socket assembly, following current national technical standards.
18.6.15 High voltage and extra-low voltage energized circuits must be installed separately from low voltage energized circuits, respecting the project definitions.
18.6.16 Transformer areas and control and command rooms must be separated by physical barriers, marked, and protected against unauthorized access.
18.6.17 Areas where interventions in energized electrical installations occur must be isolated and marked, and, if necessary, have access control to prevent unauthorized entry and presence in the location.
18.6.18 Construction sites must be protected by a lightning protection system, designed, built, and maintained according to current national technical standards.
18.6.18.1 Compliance with this item is waived in situations provided for in current national technical standards, with a report issued by a legally qualified professional.
18.6.19 Work near energized electrical networks, internal or external to the construction site, is only permitted when protected against electric shock and electric arc.
18.6.20 In metal assembly activities, where there is the possibility of static electricity accumulation, the structure must be grounded from the beginning of the assembly.
18.7 Work stages
18.7.1 Demolition
18.7.1.1 A Demolition Plan must be prepared and implemented under the responsibility of a legally qualified professional, covering the potential occupational risks in all stages of demolition and the preventive measures to be adopted to ensure workers’ safety and health.
18.7.1.2 The Demolition Plan must consider:
a) power, water, flammable liquids and gases supply lines, toxic substances, sewage and drainage pipes, and others;
b) neighboring buildings to the construction site;
c) removal of materials and debris;
d) existing floor openings;
e) emergency circulation areas;
f) the disposal of removed materials;
g) dust propagation and control;
h) vehicle and pedestrian traffic.
18.7.2 Excavation, foundation, and rock dismantling
18.7.2.1 Excavation, foundation, and rock dismantling services must be performed and supervised according to a project prepared by a legally qualified professional.
18.7.2.2 Locations where excavation, foundation, and rock dismantling activities are performed, when there are risks, must have warning signs, including at night, and perimeter isolation barriers to prevent unauthorized vehicle and people entry.
18.7.2.2.1 The signs must be placed visibly in adequate numbers and sizes.
Excavation
18.7.2.3 Any excavation deeper than 1.25 meters can only begin with the release and authorization of a legally qualified professional, following current national technical standards.
18.7.2.4 The excavation project must consider soil characteristics, acting loads, risks to which workers are exposed, and preventive measures.
18.7.2.5 In hillside excavations, special precautions must be taken to prevent large-scale sliding or movement in the adjacent massif, and care must be taken in removing loose blocks and stones.
18.7.2.6 The excavation slope, when indicated in the project, must be protected against internal and surface erosion effects during the construction execution.
18.7.2.7 At the excavation edges, a protection strip of at least 1 meter, free of loads, must be maintained, as well as protection to prevent surface water from entering the excavation pit.
18.7.2.8 Excavations deeper than 1.25 meters must be protected with slopes or shoring defined in a project prepared by a legally qualified professional and must have stairs or ramps placed near workstations to allow quick worker exit in emergencies.
18.7.2.8.1 For excavations 1.25 meters deep or less, on-site occupational risk assessments must be conducted, and preventive measures adopted if necessary.
18.7.2.9 Excavations on construction sites near buildings must be monitored and the results documented.
18.7.2.10 When electrical cables, water, sewage, gas pipes, and others are near the excavation, preventive measures must be taken to eliminate the risk of accidents during excavation.
18.7.2.11 Shoring used as a preventive measure must be inspected daily.
18.7.2.12 When it is necessary for people to transit over excavations, walkways must be built according to item 18.8 of this NR.
18.7.2.13 Traffic near excavations must be diverted, or, if not possible, measures must be taken to reduce vehicle speed.
Foundation
18.7.2.14 When using pile drivers, the pile hammer suspension cables, in any working position, must have a minimum length around the drum defined by the manufacturer or the legally qualified professional.
18.7.2.15 When the pile driver is not in operation, the pile hammer must remain at rest on the ground or at the end of its guide course.
Manually excavated caisson
18.7.2.16 The use of a manually excavated caisson system deeper than 15 meters is prohibited.
18.7.2.17 The manually excavated caisson must:
a) be cased throughout its length;
b) be executed after local geotechnical study or probing for depths greater than 3 meters;
c) have a minimum diameter of 0.9 meters.
18.7.2.17.1 Manual caisson excavation above or below the water level can only be executed when the soil remains stable, without the risk of collapse, and it is possible to control the water inside.
18.7.2.18 Manual caisson excavation must be preceded by a rescue and removal plan.
18.7.2.19 Workers involved in manual caisson excavation must:
a) have specific training according to Annex I of this NR, NR-33 (Health and Safety in Confined Spaces), and NR-35 (Working at Height);
b) have updated medical exams according to NR-07 (Occupational Health Medical Control Program).
18.7.2.20 The occurrences and sequential activities of manual caisson excavation must be recorded daily in a proper log by a legally qualified professional.
18.7.2.21 In manually excavated caissons, the following are prohibited:
a) simultaneous work in expanded bases in adjacent caissons, whether excavation and/or concreting work;
b) simultaneous opening of tangent bases.
18.7.2.22 The equipment for lowering and hoisting workers and materials used in the manual caisson excavation process must:
a) have a winch system designed by a legally qualified professional, fixed to the ground, made of resistant material, with a base toe board of 0.2 meters, dimensioned according to the load, and supported at least 0.5 meters from the caisson edge;
b) have a safety locking system;
c) have double safety locks on the winch, one on each side;
d) use a synthetic fiber rope that meets the recommendations of Annex II of this NR;
e) use a bucket suspension rope with a length so that, in any working position, there are at least 6 turns on the drum;
f) have a hook with a safety latch at the bucket rope end.
18.7.2.22.1 The operation of the equipment for lowering and hoisting workers and materials in the manual caisson excavation process must follow these measures:
a) release the service at each stage (shaft opening and base enlargement), recorded in the daily excavation log;
b) provide a ventilation system by air duct insufflation, captured in a pollution-free location, or adopt an air filtration process if otherwise;
c) deposit materials away from the caisson edge, with distance determined by the geotechnical study;
d) have coverage when the service is performed in the open air;
e) isolate, mark, and close the pits during breaks and at the end of the workday;
f) prevent vehicle traffic in work areas;
g) immediately halt excavation activities at the start of rain when the service is performed in the open air;
h) use shielded and explosion-proof lighting.
Caisson with hyperbaric pressure
18.7.2.23 Foundation execution using a compressed air caisson is prohibited.
Rock dismantling
18.7.2.24 Storage, handling, and transportation of explosives must comply with the manufacturer’s safety recommendations and the regulations defined by the responsible authority.
18.7.2.25 For rock dismantling with explosives, a Fire Plan must be prepared for each detonation by a legally qualified professional, considering occupational risks and preventive measures to ensure workers’ safety and health.
18.7.2.26 In rock dismantling with explosives, a blaster must be responsible for storing and preparing the charges, loading the mines, giving the firing order and detonation, removing unexploded explosives, and their proper disposal.
18.7.2.27 In special cases, when it is necessary to load explosives simultaneously with rock drilling, a minimum distance determined by the blaster must be ensured between the loading and drilling locations.
18.7.2.28 Before inserting the charges, check for obstructions in the holes.
18.7.2.29 Hole loading must be done immediately before detonation.
18.7.2.30 The firing area must be protected to prevent particle projection when workers and third parties are at risk.
18.7.2.31 During loading, only workers involved in the activity should remain on-site, following conditions established by the blaster.
18.7.2.32 The final detonation warning must be given by a siren, with sound intensity sufficient to be heard in all sectors of the construction site and the surroundings.
18.7.2.33 The return time to the detonation site must be defined by the blaster.
18.7.2.34 Unused explosives and detonators must be returned to their respective storage after each detonation.
18.7.3 Carpentry and rebar
18.7.3.1 The work areas for carpentry services and where cutting, bending, and rebar assembly activities are performed must:
a) have a resistant, level, and non-slip floor;
b) have a cover capable of protecting workers from weather and falling materials;
c) have lamps protected against impacts from particle projection;
d) have the activity residues collected and removed daily.
18.7.3.2 The rebar movement area must be isolated to prevent unauthorized people from entering.
18.7.3.3 Rebar bundles moved by lifting equipment must be tied to prevent slipping.
18.7.3.4 Rebar for columns, beams, and other structures must be supported and braced to prevent tipping and collapsing.
18.7.3.5 Placing resistant material planks firmly supported on rebar is mandatory for workers’ circulation.
18.7.3.6 The ends of rebar that pose a risk to workers must be protected.
18.7.4 Concrete structures
18.7.4.1 The formwork and shoring project, indicating the shoring removal sequence, must be prepared by a legally qualified professional.
18.7.4.2 During formwork and stripping, the area around the activity must be isolated and marked, and preventive measures must be taken to prevent pieces from falling.
18.7.4.3 The concreting operation must be supervised by a trained worker, observing the following measures:
a) inspect equipment and power supply systems before and during service execution;
b) inspect the pieces and concrete transport system machines before and during service execution;
c) inspect the shoring and formwork resistance before and during service execution;
d) isolate and mark the concreting location, allowing access only to the responsible team;
e) equip concrete transport buckets with safety devices to prevent accidental unloading.
18.7.4.4 During tendon tensioning and detensioning operations, the area around the activity must be isolated and marked, and workers must not stay behind or on the tensioning devices or any other risky location.
18.7.4.5 When the concrete pouring location is not visible to the equipment operator, a signaling system (audible or visual) must be used. If this is not possible, communication must be made by phone or radio to determine the start and end of pouring.
18.7.5 Metal structures
18.7.5.1 The assembly, maintenance, and disassembly of metal structures must be under the responsibility of a legally qualified professional.
18.7.5.2 In metal structure assembly, the PFPS and workers’ access means to the structure must be included in the construction site’s PGR.
18.7.5.3 During metal structure assembly, disassembly, and maintenance operations, the worker must have a suitable container and/or support to store materials and/or tools.
18.7.6 Hot work
18.7.6.1 For this NR, hot work is considered welding, gouging, grinding, cutting, or other activities that may generate ignition sources, such as heating, sparks, or flames.
18.7.6.2 A specific risk analysis for hot work must be prepared when:
a) there are combustible or flammable materials in the surroundings;
b) it is performed in an area without prior isolation and not intended for this purpose.
18.7.6.3 When defined in the risk analysis, a worker observer must exercise vigilance of the hot work activity until the service is completed.
18.7.6.4 The worker observer must be trained in fire prevention and fighting.
18.7.6.5 In locations where hot work is performed, a preliminary inspection must be carried out to ensure that the workplace and adjacent areas:
a) are clean, dry, and free of combustible, flammable, toxic, and contaminating agents;
b) are cleared after confirming the absence of activities incompatible with hot work.
18.7.6.6 The following fire prevention measures must be taken in hot work locations:
a) eliminate or control possible fire risks;
b) install protection against fire, splashes, heat, sparks, or slag to prevent contact with combustible or flammable materials, as well as avoid interference in parallel activities or people circulation;
c) keep the fire-fighting system unobstructed and close to the work area;
d) inspect the location and adjacent areas after work to prevent fire outbreaks.
18.7.6.7 To control fumes and contaminants from hot work, the following measures must be implemented:
a) properly clean the surface and remove the cleaning products used before any operation;
b) provide air renewal in closed environments to eliminate gases, vapors, and fumes used and/or generated during hot work.
18.7.6.8 Whenever environmental conditions change, activities must be interrupted, evaluating environmental conditions and adopting necessary measures to adjust air renewal.
18.7.6.9 In hot work using gases, the following measures must be taken:
a) use only gases suitable for the application, following the manufacturer’s information;
b) follow the instructions indicated in the Safety Data Sheet (SDS);
c) use calibrated and compliant pressure regulators and manometers with the gas used;
d) use only appropriate igniters that produce only sparks and have no fuel reservoir to ignite the torch flame;
e) prevent high-pressure oxygen contact with organic materials such as oils and greases.
18.7.6.10 Installing adapters between the cylinder and the pressure regulator is prohibited.
18.7.6.11 In the case of oxyacetylene equipment, a flashback arrestor device must be used on hose and torch feeds.
18.7.6.12 Hose splicing is only permitted using a connector that complies with the manufacturer’s technical specifications.
18.7.6.13 Gas cylinders must be:
a) kept in an upright position and properly secured;
b) kept away from flames, spark sources, heat, and flammable products;
c) installed in such a way as not to become part of the electrical circuit, even accidentally;
d) transported in an upright position, with a screwed-on cap, using appropriate equipment, properly secured, avoiding collisions;
e) kept with closed valves and stored with valve protectors (screwed-on caps) when not in use or empty.
18.7.6.14 Whenever the service is interrupted, the cylinders, torches, and gas distributors’ valves must be closed.
18.7.6.15 Inoperable or unused equipment and hoses must be kept out of confined spaces.
18.7.6.16 Installing, using, and storing gas cylinders in confined spaces is prohibited.
18.7.6.17 In welding or hot cutting operations on containers, tanks, or similar items that involve gas generation, additional preventive measures must be adopted to eliminate explosion and worker intoxication risks.
18.7.7 Waterproofing services
18.7.7.1 Heating, transporting, and applying waterproofing materials in buildings must comply with current national technical standards.
18.7.7.2 The heating reservoir must have:
a) the name and CNPJ of the manufacturer or importing company in indelible characters;
b) a technical operation manual available to workers;
c) a lid with a safety vent;
d) a temperature gauge.
18.7.7.3 The heating reservoir installation location must:
a) have natural or forced ventilation;
b) be level;
c) have insulation and warning sign;
d) be kept clean and organized.
18.7.7.4 The storage of products used in waterproofing operations, including gas cylinders, must be carried out in an isolated, marked, ventilated location, protected against fire risks, and distinct from the heating equipment installation location.
18.7.7.5 Gas heating systems must meet the following requirements:
a) gas cylinders must have a minimum capacity of 8 kg;
b) gas cylinders must be installed at least 3 meters from the heating equipment;
c) gas cylinders with a capacity of 45 kg or more must be on wheels;
d) flexible hoses or tubes of at least 5 meters must be used, as specified in current national technical standards.
18.7.7.6 The gas heating system must be inspected for leaks at each intervention.
18.7.7.7 Heating equipment cleaning and maintenance must follow the manufacturer’s recommendations.
18.7.7.8 In waterproofing services, it is prohibited to:
a) use wood heating;
b) move heating equipment with the lid unlocked.
18.7.7.9 Workers involved in the activity must be trained as defined in Annex I of this NR.
18.7.8 Roofs and coverings
18.7.8.1 In work on roofs and coverings exceeding 2 meters in height with a risk of falling, NR-35 applies.
18.7.8.1.1 Access to PFPS installed on roofs and coverings must be designed not to pose a fall risk.
18.7.8.2 It is prohibited to perform work or activities on roofs or coverings:
a) on unstable surfaces or without structural resistance;
b) on slippery surfaces;
c) in rain, strong winds, or adverse weather conditions;
d) on furnaces or other equipment emitting gases from industrial processes, which must be turned off or preventive measures adopted if turning off is impossible;
e) with load concentration at a single point on the roof or covering, except if authorized by a legally qualified professional.
18.8 Stairs, ramps, and walkways
18.8.1 Installing stairs or ramps for level transitions greater than 0.4 meters is mandatory as a means of worker circulation.
18.8.2 Using stairs and ramps must observe the following inclination angles:
a) for ramps, angles below 15 degrees;
b) for mobile stairs, angles between 50 and 75 degrees, or according to the manufacturer’s recommendations;
c) for fixed vertical stairs, angles between 75 and 90 degrees.
18.8.3 Installing walkways is mandatory when people need to cross spans with a risk of falling.
18.8.4 Stairs, ramps, and walkways must be dimensioned and constructed based on the loads they will be subjected to.
18.8.5 Material transportation must be done by appropriate means when using stairs that require hand support for access or work execution.
18.8.6 Stairs
Fixed collective use stairs
18.8.6.1 Collective use stairs must:
a) be dimensioned according to worker flow;
b) have a fall protection system, according to item 18.9.4.1 or 18.9.4.2 of this NR;
c) have a minimum width of 0.8 meters;
d) have a uniform height between steps of a maximum of 0.2 meters;
e) have an intermediate landing every 2.9 meters of height, with the same width as the stairs and a minimum length equal to the width;
f) have a fully covered and non-slip floor;
g) be firmly fixed at their ends.
Fixed vertical stairs
18.8.6.2 Fixed vertical stairs must:
a) withstand the solicited efforts;
b) have a handrail or ladder extensions extending beyond the resting platform or upper floor with a height between 1.1 and 1.2 meters;
c) have a width between 0.4 and 0.6 meters;
d) have a maximum height of 10 meters if it is a single flight;
e) have a maximum height of 6 meters between two resting platforms if it has multiple flights;
f) have a resting platform with minimum dimensions of 0.6 x 0.6 meters and a fall protection system, according to item 18.9.4.1 or 18.9.4.2 of this NR;
g) have uniform spacing between steps of 0.25 to 0.3 meters;
h) be fixed at the base, every 3 meters, and at the top.
i) have a maximum spacing between the floor and the first bar of 0.4 meters;
j) have a minimum distance from the structure to which it is fixed of 0.15 meters;
k) have parallel axis flights spaced at least 0.7 meters apart.
18.8.6.3 Using PFPS on fixed vertical stairs over 2 meters high is mandatory.
Portable stairs
18.8.6.4 Wooden stairs must not have splinters, protrusions, or splices.
18.8.6.5 Selecting the type of portable ladder as an access means and workplace must consider its characteristics and whether the task can be performed safely.
18.8.6.6 Portable ladders must be selected:
a) according to the designed load, to withstand the applied weight during access or task execution;
b) considering the efforts when using fall protection systems;
c) considering rescue situations.
18.8.6.7 Portable ladders must:
a) have uniform spacing between steps of 0.25 to 0.3 meters;
b) have non-slip steps;
c) be supported on a resistant floor;
d) be fixed at their supports or have a device that prevents slipping.
18.8.6.8 Using portable ladders is prohibited:
a) near doors or circulation areas, openings, and spans where there is a risk of falling objects or materials unless preventive measures are adopted;
b) on non-resistant structures;
c) near unprotected energized electrical networks and equipment.
18.8.6.9 When using portable ladders near doors or circulation areas, the service surroundings must be isolated and marked.
18.8.6.10 Portable ladders should be used by one person at a time, except when simultaneous use is specified by the manufacturer.
18.8.6.11 When climbing and descending portable ladders, the worker must be supported at three points.
18.8.6.12 Portable ladders must have non-slip shoes or a device that prevents slipping.
Individual use portable ladder (hand ladder)
18.8.6.13 Hand ladders must:
a) have a maximum length of 7 meters;
b) extend at least 1 meter above the upper floor;
c) have steps fixed to the rails in a way that ensures their rigidity.
18.8.6.14 The use of single-rail hand ladders is prohibited.
18.8.6.15 The use of hand ladders must be restricted to small tasks and temporary access.
Double portable ladder (trestle, folding, or self-supporting)
18.8.6.16 Double ladders must:
a) have a maximum length of 6 meters when closed;
b) be used with operating opening limiters in the positions indicated by the manufacturer;
c) have guaranteed stability when using tools and materials applied in the activity.
18.8.6.17 Double ladders should only be used for activities compatible with them, and their use for level transitions is prohibited.
Extendable portable ladder
18.8.6.18 Extendable ladders must:
a) have a travel limit device, placed on the fourth span from the ratchet, or as determined by the manufacturer;
b) allow for a minimum overlap of 1 meter when extended, if there is no travel limit device;
c) be fixed to a resistant and stable structure at least at one point, preferably at the upper level;
d) have the base supported at a distance between 1/5 and 1/3 of the height;
e) be positioned to extend at least 1 meter above the upper level when used for access.
18.8.6.19 Extendable ladders over 7 meters long must have a locking system (tie rod or safety rod) to prevent the rails from becoming loose and compromising stability.
18.8.7 Ramps and walkways
18.8.7.1 Ramps and walkways must:
a) be dimensioned according to their length and the loads they will be subjected to;
b) have a fall protection system around the perimeter, according to item 18.9.4.1 or 18.9.4.2 of this NR;
c) have a minimum width of 0.8 meters;
d) have a fully covered and non-slip floor;
e) be firmly fixed at their ends.
18.8.7.2 On ramps with an inclination greater than 6 degrees, transverse pieces spaced a maximum of 0.4 meters apart or other foot support devices must be fixed.
18.9 Fall prevention measures
18.9.1 Installing collective protection where there is a risk of workers falling or projecting materials and objects around the construction site is mandatory, designed by a legally qualified professional.
18.9.2 Floor openings must:
a) have temporary closure made of resistant material locked or fixed to the structure; or
b) have a fall protection system according to item 18.9.4.1 or 18.9.4.2 of this NR.
18.9.3 Elevator shaft access openings must have temporary closure of the entire opening, made of resistant material, locked or fixed to the structure until the final doors are installed.
18.9.4 Installing fall protection for workers and material projection on the building perimeter is mandatory from the beginning of the services necessary for the first slab concreting.
18.9.4.1 Protection, when consisting of rigid barriers with full closure of the span, must have a minimum height of 1.2 meters.
18.9.4.2 Protection, when consisting of rigid barriers in a guardrail and toeboard system, must meet the following requirements:
a) upper rail at 1.2 meters height and resistance to a horizontal load of 90 kgf/m, with a maximum deflection of 0.076 meters;
b) intermediate rail at 0.7 meters height and resistance to a horizontal load of 66 kgf/m;
c) toeboard with a minimum height of 0.15 meters close to the surface and resistance to a horizontal load of 22 kgf/m;
d) spans between rails filled with mesh or another device that ensures secure closure of the opening.
18.9.4.3 When using primary, secondary, or tertiary protection platforms, they must be designed by a legally qualified professional and meet the following requirements:
a) be designed and built to withstand the impacts of falling objects;
b) be kept in an adequate state of conservation;
c) be kept free of overloading that compromises its structure’s stability.
18.9.4.4 When using safety nets, they must be manufactured and installed according to the safety requirements and tests provided for in EN 1263-1 and EN 1263-2 standards or current national technical standards.
18.9.4.4.1 The safety net project must contain the procedure for the assembly, ascent, and disassembly phases.
18.9.4.4.2 Nets must have uniform mesh throughout their extension.
18.9.4.4.3 When splicing is necessary in the net’s mesh, the same characteristics of the original net must be ensured regarding resistance, traction, and deformation, besides durability, with splices by overlapping the net prohibited.
18.9.4.4.4 Splicing must be done by a trained professional under the supervision of a legally qualified professional.
18.9.4.4.5 The safety net system must be inspected weekly to verify the condition of all its elements and fixation points.
18.9.4.4.6 Nets, support elements, and accessories must be stored in a suitable, dry location and packed in appropriate containers.
18.9.4.4.7 When used for perimeter protection, safety nets must be associated with a system with a minimum height of 1.2 meters to prevent falling materials and objects.
18.10 Machines, equipment, tools
18.10.1 Machines and equipment
18.10.1.1 Machines and equipment must comply with NR-12 (Safety at Work in Machines and Equipment).
18.10.1.2 Stationary machines and equipment must be located in a covered environment with adequate lighting for activities.
18.10.1.3 Safety procedures for working with machines, equipment, and tools not covered by NR-12 must be prepared.
18.10.1.4 In constructions 10 meters or more in height, installing a motorized vertical material transport machine or equipment is mandatory.
18.10.1.4.1 Material transport machines or equipment must have devices to prevent accidental material unloading.
18.10.1.5 Circular saws must:
a) be designed by a legally qualified professional;
b) have a stable metal structure;
c) have a sharp and locked disk, which must be replaced when defective;
d) have a device to prevent disk pinching and wood kickback;
e) have a device to adjust disk height;
f) have a sawdust collector;
g) have a pusher device and alignment guide, when necessary;
h) have a hood or other device to prevent the projection of the cutting disk.
Self-propelled machine
18.10.1.6 In self-propelled machine operation, the following safety measures must be observed:
a) danger zones and moving parts must have protections to prevent worker body parts from accessing them, which can only be removed for cleaning, lubrication, repair, and adjustment, and must be reinstalled afterward;
b) operators must not leave the equipment under their responsibility when it is in operation;
c) in temporary or prolonged stops, measures must be taken to eliminate risks from accidental operation;
d) when the operator’s view is obstructed by obstacles, a trained worker must be present to guide the operator;
e) in case of tire and brake system overheating, special precautions must be taken to prevent possible explosions or fires;
f) have mirrors and a sound alarm coupled to the transmission system when operated in reverse;
g) must not be operated in a position that compromises its stability;
h) before starting the movement or engine, ensure no one is on, under, or near the equipment, ensuring that the machine’s movement does not expose workers or third parties to accidents;
i) ensure that before operation, it is braked and its wheels locked, with additional measures in inclined or irregular floors.
18.10.1.7 Inspection, cleaning, adjustment, and repair must only be performed with the machine turned off unless movement is indispensable for inspection or adjustment.
18.10.1.8 Maintaining support of self-propelled machines solely by hydraulic cylinders during maintenance is prohibited.
18.10.1.9 Refueling self-propelled machines with explosion engines must be performed by trained workers in an appropriate location using techniques and equipment that ensure the operation’s safety.
18.10.1.10 The process of inflating or deflating tires must be done gradually, with successive pressure measurements, inside protection cages designed for this purpose, ensuring worker safety.
18.10.1.11 Accessory and material transportation by hoisting must be done as close to the floor as possible, isolating the area, according to the risk analysis.
18.10.1.12 Special precautions must be taken when moving self-propelled machines near electrical networks.
18.10.1.13 Self-propelled machines with a mass (tare) over 4,500 kg must have a climate-controlled cabin and provide protection against falling and projecting objects, solar incidence, and weather conditions.
18.10.1.14 Self-propelled machines with a mass (tare) equal to or less than 4,500 kg must have a protected workstation against falling and projecting objects, solar incidence, and weather conditions.
Lifting equipment
18.10.1.15 For the purposes of applying subitems 18.10.1.16 to 18.10.1.44, lifting equipment includes cranes, including small ones, cranes, gantries, overhead cranes, and similar equipment.
18.10.1.16 Lifting equipment must be used according to the manufacturer’s recommendations and the load plan, prepared by a legally qualified professional and included in the PGR.
18.10.1.17 The load plan for suspended load movement must be prepared for each equipment and contain the following information:
a) the address where the equipment is installed and the expected duration of its use;
b) the corporate name, address, and CNPJ of the manufacturer, importer, lessor, or owner of the equipment and the person responsible for assembly, disassembly, and maintenance services;
c) type, model, year of manufacture, capacity, dimensions, and other technical data;
d) contain sketches or a floor plan showing the area covered by the equipment’s operation, all possible interferences inside and outside the construction site limits, and the main loading and unloading locations;
e) indicate the measures for isolating the areas under suspended loads and adjacent areas that may be at risk of falling materials;
f) specify all auxiliary lifting devices and accessories to be used in each operation, such as hooks, slings, blocks, special containers, spreader bars, shackles, auxiliary pulleys, and any other necessary items;
g) detail special procedures necessary for moving large parts, such as area preparation, operation speeds and paths, sequencing necessary stages, using multiple lifting equipment, preliminary tests and/or training, and any other high-risk singular situations;
h) contain an equipment and auxiliary load-moving devices checklist issued by the manufacturer, lessor, or legally qualified professional;
i) contain a checklist for loading and unloading platforms, issued by a legally qualified professional;
j) contain additional preventive measures when another lifting equipment is in the same location, with the risk of interference between their movements.
18.10.1.17.1 For cranes, besides the provisions in this subitem, the initial and final height, boom length, load capacity at the tip, maximum load capacity, whether equipped with an electrical collector or not, and the load chart on the base and anchorage points must be indicated.
18.10.1.18 A risk analysis for load movement must be prepared. When the movement is routine, the analysis can be described in an operational procedure.
18.10.1.19 A specific risk analysis must be prepared for non-routine load movements, along with the respective work permit.
18.10.1.20 When using lifting equipment on a mobile base, its stability and the stability of the surface on which it will be used must be ensured, following the manufacturer’s or legally qualified professional’s recommendations.
18.10.1.21 The area under a suspended load must be isolated and signposted.
18.10.1.22 When there are two or more lifting equipment operating in the same location with a risk of interference between their movements, an automated anti-collision system must be installed on the equipment or a qualified and authorized signaler must coordinate the movements of these equipment.
18.10.1.23 When using lifting equipment, the following documents must be available on the construction site:
a) load plan, according to subitem 18.10.1.17 of this NR;
b) records of all preventive and corrective maintenance actions and equipment inspections that occurred after installation at the operational site, along with the technical delivery and release terms, as per item 12.11 of NR-12;
c) certificates of training and authorization for the lifting equipment operator at the site;
d) certificates of training for the signaler/rigger and the worker designated to inspect cantilever platforms for receiving loads;
e) design for fixing to the building or an independent structure;
f) design for the access walkway to the tower crane;
g) checklists mentioned in this NR and specific safety instructions for the operation of the equipment;
h) electrical grounding report with ohmic measurement, according to current national technical standards, prepared by a legally qualified professional and updated semiannually.
18.10.1.24 The lifting equipment, according to its specifics, must have the following safety items:
a) maximum load limiter;
b) height limiter that allows the hoist to stop when lifting loads;
c) descent monitoring device, if defined in the risk analysis;
d) automatic alarm activation when the load or moment limiter is activated;
e) audible alarm for the operator to activate in risk and/or alert situations;
f) safety lock on the hoist hook;
g) device installed on pulleys to prevent accidental escape of steel cables;
h) travel limiters for translational movement when installed on rails.
18.10.1.25 When the lifting equipment has a control cabin, it must have:
a) safe access, and when vertical movement is necessary to access the cabin, the use of the PFPS is mandatory;
b) air-conditioned interior;
c) ergonomic seat;
d) protection against sun and weather;
e) table of maximum loads in all conditions of use, written in Portuguese, inside and easily visible to the operator;
f) fire extinguisher suitable for the risk.
18.10.1.26 Cranes and tower cranes, in addition to the applicable previous requirements, must have:
a) maximum moment limiter, preventing the continuation of movement and only allowing its reversal;
b) obstacle light at the highest point of the equipment;
c) audible alarm with automatic activation when the load or moment limiter is activated;
d) safety lock on the hoist hook;
e) device installed on pulleys to prevent accidental escape of steel cables;
f) PFPS for use when operating the equipment.
18.10.1.27 Auxiliary lifting devices must meet the following requirements:
a) indelibly display the corporate name of the manufacturer or lessor, the load capacity, and the serial number that allows its traceability;
b) have a certificate or design prepared by a legally qualified professional, containing the complete specification and description of the mechanical and electrical characteristics, if applicable;
c) be inspected by the signaler/rigger before use.
18.10.1.28 Remote controls used to command lifting equipment must contain the identification corresponding to the equipment being used and have operation commands indicated in Portuguese.
18.10.1.29 The following are prohibited during the operation of lifting equipment:
a) circulation or presence of unauthorized people in the areas under suspended load movement;
b) placing advertising signs on the equipment structure, unless specified by the manufacturer or a legally qualified professional;
c) moving loads with unknown weight;
d) moving in dragging actions or with inclined hoisting relative to the vertical;
e) hoisting a load that is not fully detached from its support surface and free of any interference that offers resistance to the intended movement;
f) using natural or synthetic fiber ropes as lifting elements, except synthetic fiber cables provided for in current national technical standards;
g) transporting people, except in rescue and salvage operations under the supervision of a legally qualified professional, or in accordance with item 4 of Annex XII of NR-12;
h) working in adverse weather conditions or any other meteorological condition that may affect worker safety.
18.10.1.30 When the operator of the equipment cannot see the load throughout its entire path, the operation must be guided by at least one signaler/rigger.
18.10.1.31 Communication between the equipment operator and the signaler/rigger must be carried out through an efficient communication system.
18.10.1.32 Daily inspections of the safety conditions must be carried out and recorded:
a) on the equipment, by its operator, with a checklist issued and under the responsibility of the manufacturer, lessor, or owner of the equipment;
b) on the auxiliary load-handling devices, by the signaler/rigger, using a checklist;
c) on the loading and unloading platforms, by a trained and authorized worker designated by their employer, using a checklist.
Cranes
18.10.1.33 In addition to the requirements mentioned in the previous items relevant to lifting equipment, cranes must have:
a) a control cabin attached to the rotating part of the equipment, except for small self-erecting cranes;
b) end-of-course limiter for the boom carriage at both ends;
c) automatic load control system or load indicator plates along the boom, as specified by the manufacturer or lessor;
d) obstacle light at the highest point of the crane;
e) PFPS for horizontal and vertical access where there is a risk of falling;
f) turn limiter/counter, even when the crane has an electric collector;
g) fall protection system for transitioning between the access ladder and the operator’s workstation and on the counter boom, as per NR-12;
h) fixed ladders as specified in item 18.8 of this NR;
i) movement limiters for retractable or tilting booms;
j) automatic alarm system indicating wind speeds above 42 km/h (forty-two kilometers per hour).
18.10.1.34 In addition to the prohibitions mentioned in item 18.10.1.29 of this NR, cranes must also follow the following restrictive provisions:
a) work under wind conditions with speeds above 42 km/h (forty-two kilometers per hour) must be preceded by specific risk analysis and authorized by a work permit;
b) under no circumstances is it allowed to operate cranes when winds exceed 72 km/h (seventy-two kilometers per hour);
c) the boom tip and the lifting steel cable must be kept away from the power grid as per the local utility company’s guidelines and at least 3 meters from any obstacle. For shorter distances, crane operation must follow a risk analysis prepared by a legally qualified professional.
18.10.1.35 When the equipment is not in operation, the crane boom must be free to move, except in situations where there are obstacles to its rotation, which must be provided for in the load plan.
18.10.1.36 The positioning and configuration of anchorage and/or guying points of the crane must:
a) follow the manufacturer’s instructions on the applied loads at these points;
b) have the structures and fastening materials defined in a design and calculations prepared by a legally qualified professional associated with the lessor or the company responsible for assembling the equipment.
18.10.1.37 An ascensional crane with a telescoping system using vertical metal elements can only be used when it has a fixation system or guide frame that ensures its parallelism to prevent the tower from detaching from the metal elements during the telescoping process.
18.10.1.38 In the assembly, telescoping, and disassembly operations of ascensional cranes, the following prescriptions must be followed:
a) the hydraulic system must be operated outside the tower, and no one is allowed inside the equipment;
b) in cases provided by the manufacturer or lessor, inspections and verifications of the hydraulic system operation may be performed by authorized personnel based on a risk analysis conducted by a legally qualified professional.
18.10.1.39 Upon completion of the initial assembly and after any inspection or maintenance intervention on the crane, it is mandatory to issue a technical delivery and release for use term, which must be delivered with a receipt containing at least:
a) description of all actions taken;
b) results of load and overload tests, if performed;
c) date, identification, and respective signatures of the responsible person for the work performed and the person accepting it as well done;
d) explicit printed or stamped statement in the document that “all safety devices and elements of the equipment are fully adjusted and operational for safe operation”;
e) record in a specific book, file, or computerized system, according to item 12.11 of NR-12.
18.10.1.40 A structural and operational report on the structural and electromechanical integrity of the crane must be prepared by a legally qualified professional in the following situations:
a) when it does not have manufacturer identification, or the manufacturer or importer is not established;
b) as per the periodicity established by the manufacturer or, at most, every 20 (twenty) years of use.
b) as per the periodicity established by the manufacturer or, at most, every 20 years of use;
c) for equipment with more than 20 years of use, the report must be done every 2 years;
d) when any event occurs that may compromise its structural and electromechanical integrity, at the discretion of a legally qualified professional.
18.10.1.41 The employer must provide a sanitary facility containing a toilet and washbasin within a maximum distance of 50 meters from the operator’s workstation.
18.10.1.41.1 If it is impossible to comply with this requirement, the employer must provide at least 4 intervals per shift of work, with a duration that allows the equipment operator to leave and return to the cabin to attend to their physiological needs.
Small Cranes
18.10.1.42 Small cranes are those that simultaneously meet the following characteristics:
a) maximum reach radius of the boom of 6 meters;
b) maximum load capacity not exceeding 500 kg;
c) maximum tower height of 6 meters above the construction slab.
18.10.1.43 In addition to the requirements of the previous sub-items pertinent to lifting equipment, small cranes must have:
a) electrical control via push-button or cable manipulator, respecting a maximum voltage of 24V;
b) emergency stop button;
c) maximum load limiter;
d) maximum moment limiter, preventing movement continuation and only allowing its reversal;
e) height limiter that allows the braking of the hoist in load elevation;
f) descent monitoring device, if defined in the risk analysis;
g) obstacle light at the highest point of the equipment;
h) audible alarm with automatic activation when the load or moment limiter is activated;
i) audible alarm to be activated by the operator in risk and/or alert situations;
j) safety lock on the hoist hook;
k) device installed on pulleys to prevent accidental escape of steel cables;
l) PFPS for use when operating the equipment.
18.10.1.43.1 The provisions of sub-item 18.10.1.24 of this NR do not apply to small cranes.
18.10.1.44 The use of small cranes is prohibited:
a) with a boom rotation of less than 180 degrees;
b) that require manual action to rotate the boom.
Wall Mounted Jib Crane
18.10.1.45 For the purposes of complying with the provisions of NR-18, the column winch must meet the following requirements:
a) have a load capacity not exceeding 500 kg;
b) have a risk analysis and operational procedure;
c) have appropriate fixing devices, specified in the installation design;
d) have its drum leveled to ensure proper winding of the steel cable;
e) have protection to prevent any part of the worker’s body from contacting the winding drum;
f) have electrical control via push-button or cable manipulator, respecting a maximum voltage of 24V;
g) have an emergency stop button.
18.10.2 Tools
18.10.2.1 Workers must be trained and instructed in the use of tools, following the safety recommendations of this NR and, when applicable, the manufacturer’s manual.
18.10.2.2 When using tools, loose clothing and adornments that may pose a safety risk to the worker must be avoided.
18.10.2.3 Tools must be inspected before use.
Portable Electric Tools
18.10.2.4 The power cord of the electric tool must be handled in such a way that it does not twist, break, or suffer abrasion, and it must not obstruct the movement of workers and equipment.
18.10.2.5 The removable protective devices of the electric tool may only be removed for cleaning, lubrication, repair, and adjustment, and must be reinstalled afterward.
18.10.2.6 The electric tool used for cutting must be equipped with a disc specific to the type of material to be cut.
18.10.2.7 The use of portable electric tools without double insulation is prohibited.
Pneumatic Tools
18.10.2.8 Pneumatic tools must have a start device installed in such a way as to minimize the possibility of accidental operation.
18.10.2.9 The air valve of the pneumatic tool must automatically close when the operator’s hand pressure on the start devices ceases.
18.10.2.10 The supply hoses and connections must withstand service pressures, remain firmly attached to the outlet pipes, and be kept away from traffic areas.
18.10.2.11 The pneumatic tool must be disconnected when not in use, and the air supply to the hoses must be turned off and the pressure relieved.
18.10.2.12 When using pneumatic tools, it is prohibited to:
a) use them to clean clothes;
b) exceed the maximum air pressure.
Powder-Actuated or Gas-Actuated Fastening Tools
18.10.2.13 Powder-actuated or gas-actuated fastening tools must have a safety system to prevent accidental discharges.
18.10.2.14 The use of powder-actuated or gas-actuated fastening tools is prohibited:
a) in environments containing flammable or explosive substances;
b) in the presence of people, including helpers, near the firing location.
18.10.2.15 The powder-actuated fastening tool must be unloaded (without the pin and the drive-pin) whenever it is not in use.
18.10.2.16 Before fastening pins with a fastening tool, the type and thickness of the wall or slab, the most appropriate type of pin and drive-pin, and the opposite region of the application surface must be checked in advance.
Hand Tools
18.10.2.17 It is the employer’s responsibility to provide workers with the necessary hand tools free of charge for the performance of their activities.
18.10.2.17.1 It is the worker’s duty to take proper care when using the hand tools and to return them to the employer whenever requested.
18.10.2.18 Hand tools should not be left on passageways, stairs, scaffolding, and other work or circulation surfaces. They should be stored in appropriate places when not in use.
18.10.2.19 Hand tools used in electrical installations must be completely insulated according to the voltage involved, with only the part that will make contact with the installation exposed.
18.10.2.20 Hand tools must be transported in proper containers.
18.11 Handling and Transportation of Materials and People (Elevators)
18.11.1 The provisions of this item apply to the installation, assembly, disassembly, operation, testing, maintenance, and repairs of elevators for vertical transportation of materials and people at construction sites or work fronts.
18.11.2 The installation of elevators operated by a single cable and those adapted with more than one cable, which do not meet current national technical standards, is prohibited for the vertical movement and transportation of materials and people.
18.11.3 Every manufacturing, rental, or service company responsible for the installation, assembly, disassembly, and maintenance of the equipment, either as a whole or in part, must be registered with the respective professional council and under the responsibility of a legally qualified professional.
18.11.4 Equipment for the vertical transportation of materials and people must be designed by a legally qualified professional and comply with current national technical standards or, in their absence, current international technical standards.
18.11.5 Installation, assembly, operation, disassembly, and maintenance services must be carried out by trained professionals with formal authorization from the company and under the responsibility of a legally qualified professional.
18.11.6 The operator’s responsibilities are:
a) keeping the workplace clean and organized;
b) organizing the loading and unloading of material inside the cabin;
c) separating materials from people inside the cabin;
d) communicating and recording any equipment anomalies to the technician responsible for the site;
e) supervising all maintenance services on the equipment.
18.11.7 Every company using vertical transportation equipment for materials and/or people must have the following documents available at the construction site:
a) preventive maintenance program, as recommended by the rental company, importer, or manufacturer;
b) technical delivery certificate in accordance with current national technical standards or, in their absence, as determined by the legally qualified professional responsible for the equipment;
c) test report for emergency brakes to be conducted at least every 90 days, signed by the technician responsible for equipment maintenance or, in their absence, by the legally qualified professional responsible for the equipment, containing the minimum parameters determined by current national technical standards;
d) record of daily inspections performed by the operator before the start of services, as directed by the equipment technician, following the manufacturer’s manual recommendations;
e) reports of non-destructive tests of motor brake shafts and emergency brakes, with frequency defined by a legally qualified professional, respecting the maximum periods stipulated by the manufacturer in the equipment maintenance manual;
f) manufacturer’s instruction manual;
g) maintenance activity records as per item 12.11 of NR-12;
h) grounding report prepared by a legally qualified professional.
18.11.8 The use of a commutator and/or reverser type key for electrical control of ascent, descent, or stop is prohibited.
18.11.9 All electrical or electronic components exposed to weather conditions must have weather protection.
18.11.10 The following safety requirements must be observed during the execution of assembly, disassembly, ascent, and maintenance services of vertical transportation equipment for materials and people:
a) isolation of the work area;
b) prohibition, if necessary, of other activities in the peripheries of the facades where services are being performed;
c) prohibition of performing this type of service on days with adverse weather conditions.
18.11.11 Elevator towers must be kept away from power lines or insulated according to specific standards of the local utility company.
18.11.12 Elevator towers must be assembled so that the distance between the face of the cabin and the face of the building is no more than 0.2 m (twenty centimeters).
18.11.12.1 For greater distances, the loads and stress caused by the ramps must be considered in the design and specification of the elevator tower.
18.11.13 At all access points to the elevator tower, a barrier (gate) at least 1.8 m (one meter and eighty centimeters) high must be installed to prevent people from exposing any part of their body inside it.
18.11.13.1 The elevator tower barrier (gate) must have a dual-channel interlock device with positive break, monitored by a safety interface, to prevent it from opening when the elevator is not at the floor level.
18.11.14 The base of the elevator tower must be enclosed on all sides up to a height of at least 2.0 m (two meters) and equipped with protection and signage to prevent worker circulation through it.
18.11.15 The access ramp to the elevator tower must:
a) be provided with a fall protection system, as per sub-item 18.9.4.1 or 18.9.4.2 of this NR;
b) have a resistant floor without openings;
c) not have a descending slope towards the tower;
d) be articulated to the cabin in the case of a rack and pinion elevator.
18.11.16 There must be a minimum clear height of 2 m (two meters) above the ramp.
18.11.17 Transporting people along with materials in elevators is prohibited, except for the operator and the person responsible for the material being transported, provided they are isolated from the load by a physical barrier, at least 1.8 m (one meter and eighty centimeters) high, installed with a dual-channel interlock device with positive break, monitored by a safety interface.
18.11.18 The materials and/or people elevator must have at least:
a) a metal cabin with a door;
b) an hour meter;
c) natural or artificial lighting and ventilation during use;
d) an indication of the maximum number of passengers and the equivalent maximum weight in kilograms;
e) a button on each floor to ensure single communication through an internal control panel.
18.11.19 The materials and/or people elevator must have at least the following safety items:
a) interlocking of protections with the electrical system, through an interlock device with dual-channel and positive break, monitored by a safety interface that prevents the cabin from moving when:
I. the cabin access door, including the hatch, is not properly closed;
II. the access ramp to the cabin is not properly retracted in the rack and pinion elevator;
III. the gate door of any of the floors or the base protection enclosure is open.
b) an electromechanical emergency device that prevents the free fall of the cabin, monitored by a safety interface, to stop it when it exceeds the nominal descent speed, automatically and simultaneously cutting off the cabin’s electrical current;
c) an interlock device with dual-channel and positive break, monitored by a safety interface, or another system with the same safety category that prevents the cabin from surpassing the last upper or lower stop;
d) a mechanical device that prevents the cabin from accidentally detaching from the elevator tower;
e) speed impact buffers at the base, in case it exceeds the final stop limits;
f) a system that allows the blocking of its activation devices to prevent unauthorized persons from operating it;
g) an automatic braking system, to be activated in situations that could cause the cabin to free fall;
h) a system that prevents the equipment from moving when the load exceeds the permitted capacity.
Movement of People
18.11.20 Passenger transport in the elevator must take priority over cargo transport.
18.11.21 In construction with a height equal to or greater than 24 m (twenty-four meters), it is mandatory to install at least one passenger elevator, with its route covering the entire vertical extent of the construction, including the basement.
18.11.21.1 The passenger elevator must be installed, at most, from 15 m (fifteen meters) of vertical displacement in the construction.
18.11.22 In rack and pinion elevators, the free working height after tying at the last concreted slab or top floor will be determined by the manufacturer, based on the type of tower and its tying accessories.
18.11.23 In rack and pinion elevators, the last element of the elevator tower must be mounted with the rack inverted or without a rack, to avoid the cabin being pulled.
Movement of Materials
18.11.24 When moving materials by elevator, it is prohibited to:
a) transport materials with dimensions larger than the cabin in the elevator;
b) transport materials leaning on the cabin doors;
c) transport materials outside the cabin, except during elevator assembly and disassembly operations;
d) transport bulk materials without proper packaging;
e) adapt the installation of any equipment or device for hoisting materials in any part of the cabin or elevator tower.
18.12 Scaffolding and Work Platforms
18.12.1 Scaffolds must meet the following requirements:
a) be designed by legally qualified professionals, according to current national technical standards;
b) be manufactured by companies duly registered with the respective professional council;
c) be accompanied by instruction manuals in Portuguese, provided by the manufacturer, importer, or lessor;
d) have a fall protection system around the perimeter, according to subitem 18.9.4.1 or 18.9.4.2 of this NR, except on the working face;
e) have a safe access system to the scaffold and work stations if they are higher than 0.4 meters.
18.12.2 Scaffold assembly must be carried out according to a design prepared by a legally qualified professional.
18.12.2.1 For a simply supported scaffold built as a single tower with a height less than four times the smallest dimension of the base, the assembly design is waived, provided it is assembled according to the instruction manual.
18.12.2.2 When using a simply supported scaffold with interconnected working floors, regardless of height, the assembly must be designed by a legally qualified professional.
18.12.3 Scaffold towers, when not braced or anchored to the structure, must not exceed four times the smallest dimension of the base in height.
18.12.4 Scaffolds must have a formal release for use signed by a qualified safety professional or the work front or site supervisor.
18.12.5 The scaffold’s working surface must be resistant, fully planked, non-slip, level, and locked to prevent displacement or disengagement.
18.12.6 The assembly and disassembly of scaffolds must be carried out:
a) by trained workers who receive specific training for the type of scaffold used;
b) using an PFPS;
c) with tools tied to prevent accidental falls;
d) with isolation and signing of the work area.
18.12.7 The tubular scaffold must have uprights and panels secured with locks to prevent accidental dislodging.
18.12.8 Regarding the scaffold and the work platform, it is prohibited to:
a) use a scaffold constructed with a wooden structure, except when it is technically impossible to use metal scaffolds;
b) remove or disable any safety device of the scaffold;
c) use ladders and other means on the scaffold’s work floor to reach higher places.
18.12.9 The installation point of any hoisting device on the scaffold must be chosen so as not to compromise its stability and worker safety.
18.12.10 The maintenance of the scaffold must be performed by a trained worker, under the supervision and technical responsibility of a legally qualified professional, following the manufacturer’s technical specifications.
18.12.11 It is prohibited to work on work platforms over trestles that have a height greater than 1.5 m (one meter and fifty centimeters) and a width less than 0.9 m (ninety centimeters).
18.12.12 In buildings with a height equal to or greater than 12 m (twelve meters) from the ground level, devices for anchoring equipment and safety cables for the use of PFPS must be installed, to be used in cleaning, maintenance, and facade restoration services.
18.12.12.1 The anchoring points for equipment and safety cables must be independent, except in buildings with specific projects for the installation of permanent equipment for cleaning, maintenance, and facade restoration.
18.12.12.2 The anchoring devices must:
a) be arranged to cover the entire perimeter of the building;
b) support a working load of at least 1,500 kgf (one thousand five hundred kilogram-force);
c) be included in the structural design of the building;
d) be made of weather-resistant material, such as stainless steel or material with equivalent characteristics.
18.12.12.2.1 The tests to verify the minimum load of the anchoring device must comply with current national technical standards or, in their absence, the manufacturer’s specifications.
18.12.12.3 The anchoring must have, in its structure, indelible and highly visible characters:
a) the manufacturer’s/importer’s business name and CNPJ;
b) product model or code;
c) manufacturing/serial number;
d) material from which it is made;
e) load indication;
f) maximum number of workers connected simultaneously or maximum applicable force;
g) pictogram indicating that the user must read the information provided by the manufacturer.
Simply Supported Scaffold
18.12.13 The simply supported scaffold must:
a) be supported on bases on a rigid and level surface capable of withstanding the applied forces and transmitted loads, with adjustments to allow leveling;
b) be fixed, when necessary, to the construction or building structure by tying, to withstand the forces it will be subjected to.
18.12.14 Access to the simply supported scaffold, whose work floor is more than 1 m (one meter) high, must be made using ladders, observing at least one of the following alternatives:
a) use a hand ladder, incorporated or attached to the panels, with a minimum width of 0.4 m (forty centimeters) and uniform spacing between the steps between 0.25 m (twenty-five centimeters) and 0.3 m (thirty centimeters);
b) use a collective-use ladder, incorporated internally or externally to the scaffold, with a minimum width of 0.6 m (sixty centimeters), handrails, and non-slip steps.
18.12.15 When mounted on building facades, the simply supported scaffold must be externally covered with a net to prevent the projection and fall of materials.
18.12.15.1 The netting must be done from the first work platform up to 2 m (two meters) above the last one.
18.12.16 When used with castors, the simply supported scaffold must:
a) be supported on a surface capable of withstanding the applied forces and transmitted loads;
b) be used only on a flat horizontal surface that allows safe movement;
c) have locks to prevent accidental movements.
18.12.17 It is prohibited to move scaffold structures with workers on them.
Suspended Scaffold
18.12.18 The fixation and support systems and the support structures of suspended scaffolds must withstand at least 3 (three) times the applied forces and be preceded by a project prepared by a legally qualified professional.
18.12.19 The support of suspended scaffolds on the parapet or eaves of buildings must be preceded by a structural verification report under the responsibility of a legally qualified professional.
18.12.20 The use of suspended scaffolds with cable winding on its body is prohibited.
18.12.21 The suspended scaffold must:
a) have an identification plate;
b) ensure stability throughout its use period, through operational procedures and specific devices or equipment for this purpose;
c) have at least four independent support points;
d) provide an PFPS anchorage point independent of the scaffold’s anchorage point;
e) have fixation, support systems, and support structures, preceded by a project prepared by a legally qualified professional;
f) have a minimum working platform width of 0.65 m (sixty-five centimeters).
18.12.21.1 The identification plate of the suspended scaffold must be fixed in an easily visible location and contain the manufacturer’s identification and load capacity in weight and number of occupants.
18.12.22 The counterweight system, when used as a means of fixing the support structure of the suspended scaffold, must:
a) be invariant in form and weight as specified in the project;
b) have a known and indelibly marked weight on each piece;
c) be fixed to the scaffold’s support structure;
d) have bracing that prevents its horizontal displacement.
18.12.23 The suspension system of the scaffold must:
a) be made of steel cables;
b) ensure its leveling;
c) be checked daily by users and the person responsible for the site, before starting their work.
18.12.23.1 Users and the person responsible for verification must receive training and procedures for the daily verification routine.
18.12.24 Regarding the suspended scaffold, it is prohibited to:
a) use cantilever sections;
b) interconnect its structures;
c) use it for transporting people or materials not related to the services being performed.
18.12.25 Hand-operated winches for the scaffold must:
a) have a device that prevents the system from reversing;
b) be operated by a crank or other device, for the scaffold’s descent and ascent.
18.12.26 The manually operated suspended scaffold must have a work floor with a maximum length of 8 m (eight meters).
18.12.27 When only one support winch is used per frame, an additional safety steel cable must be used, connected to an automatic mechanical locking device, observing the overload indicated by the equipment manufacturer.
Motorized Suspended Scaffold
18.12.28 The motorized suspended scaffold must have:
a) double insulation power cables;
b) shielded plugs/sockets;
c) upper limit switch and stopper;
d) devices that prevent movement when its inclination exceeds 15° (fifteen degrees);
e) an emergency mechanical device.
Rack and Pinion Work Platform
18.12.29 The rack and pinion platform must have:
a) double insulation power cables;
b) shielded plugs/sockets;
c) lower and upper electrical travel limits;
d) motor brake;
e) automatic safety brake;
f) operation control button with continuous pressure activation;
g) emergency mechanical device;
h) minimum load capacity of the work floor and its telescopic extensions of 150 kgf/m² (one hundred and fifty kilogram-force per square meter);
i) emergency stop button;
j) automatic sound signaling during equipment movement;
k) safety device ensuring the equipment’s leveling;
l) electromechanical devices that prevent movement when its accesses are open;
m) mandatory anchorage from a height of 9 m (nine meters).
18.12.30 The operation of the rack and pinion platform must:
a) be performed by workers trained in loading and positioning materials on the equipment;
b) be performed by workers protected by PFPS independent of the platform or anchorage device defined by the manufacturer;
c) have the work area under the equipment signaled and with controlled access;
d) be performed in the vertical path without interference in its movement.
18.12.31 The transport of people and materials not related to the services being performed on the rack and pinion platform is not allowed.
18.12.32 When using a mobile chassis platform, it must be properly leveled, supported, or locked at the start of the vertical support tower assembly, remaining that way during its use and disassembly.
Mobile Elevated Work Platform (MEWP)
18.12.33 The safety requirements and preventive measures, as well as the means for their verification, for mobile elevated work platforms intended for positioning people, along with their necessary tools and materials at work sites, must comply with current national technical standards.
18.12.34 The MEWP must meet the manufacturer’s technical specifications regarding application, operation, maintenance, and periodic inspections.
18.12.35 The MEWP must be equipped with:
a) safety devices ensuring perfect leveling at the work point, as specified by the manufacturer;
b) internal support handle;
c) fall protection system meeting the manufacturer’s specifications or, in their absence, the provisions of NR-12;
d) emergency stop button;
e) emergency device enabling the lowering of the worker and platform to the ground in case of electrical, hydraulic, or mechanical failure;
f) automatic sound signaling system activated during ascent and descent; g) electric shock protection; h) hour meter.
18.12.36 MEWP maintenance must be carried out by a person specifically trained for the equipment’s make and model.
18.12.37 It is the operator’s responsibility, previously trained by the employer, to conduct a daily inspection of the work site where the MEWP will be used.
18.12.38 Before daily use or at the start of each shift, a visual inspection and functional test of the MEWP must be performed, verifying the perfect adjustment and operation of the following items:
a) operation and emergency controls;
b) equipment safety devices;
c) individual protection devices, including fall protection;
d) air, hydraulic, and fuel systems;
e) panels, cables, and electrical harnesses;
f) tires and wheels;
g) plates, warning, and control signs;
h) stabilizers, extendable axles, and general structure;
i) other items specified by the manufacturer.
18.12.39 When using the MEWP, it is prohibited to:
a) use planks, ladders, and other devices to reach greater height or distance on it;
b) use it as a crane;
c) perform any work under weather conditions that expose workers to risks;
d) operate the equipment in situations contrary to the manufacturer’s specifications regarding airspeed, platform inclination relative to the ground, and proximity to power lines;
e) transport workers and materials not related to the services being performed.
18.12.40 Before and during MEWP movement, the operator must:
a) maintain a clear view of the path to be traveled;
b) maintain a safe distance from obstacles, depressions, ramps, and other risk factors, as specified in the project or work order;
c) maintain a minimum distance from overhead obstacles, as specified in the project or work order;
d) limit MEWP travel speed, considering surface conditions, traffic, visibility, the existence of slopes, team location, and other accident risk factors.
18.12.41 The MEWP must not be operated when positioned on trucks, trailers, cars, floating vehicles, railways, scaffolds, or other vehicles, roads, and similar equipment unless it is designed for this purpose.
18.12.42 All workers on the MEWP must use PFPS connected to an anchorage point defined by the manufacturer.
Suspended Chair
18.12.43 In any activity where it is not possible to install a scaffold or work platform, the use of a suspended chair is permitted.
18.12.44 The suspended chair must have on its structure, in indelible and highly visible characters, the manufacturer’s/importer’s business name, CNPJ, and identification number.
18.12.45 The suspended chair must:
a) be supported by steel or synthetic fiber cables;
b) have a system with an ascent and descent device with double safety lock when supported by steel cables;
c) have a system with a descent device with a double safety lock when supported by synthetic fiber cables;
d) have a safety belt to secure the worker.
18.12.46 The suspended chair must meet the requirements, test methods, marking, instruction manual, and packaging according to current national technical standards.
18.12.47 When using the suspended chair, the worker must have an PFPS anchorage point independent of the suspended chair’s anchorage point.
18.13 Safety Signs
18.13.1 The construction site must be signposted with the aim of:
a) identifying support locations;
b) indicating emergency exits;
c) warning of existing risks, such as falling materials and people and electric shock;
d) alerting about the mandatory use of PPE (Personal Protective Equipment);
e) identifying the isolation of material handling and transport areas;
f) identifying access and circulation of vehicles and equipment;
g) identifying locations with toxic, corrosive, flammable, explosive, and radioactive substances.
18.13.2 It is mandatory to wear high-visibility clothing, vests, or any other means on the chest and back when the worker is on duty in areas where vehicles and loads are being moved.
18.14 Training
18.14.1 The training of construction industry workers will be carried out in accordance with the provisions of NR-01 (General Provisions).
18.14.1.1 The workload, frequency, and content of the training must comply with Annex I of this NR.
18.14.2 The training, when involving the operation of machinery or equipment, must be compatible with the machinery or equipment to be used.
18.14.3 Basic occupational safety training, according to Table 1 of Annex I of this NR, must be in-person.
18.14.4 The training sessions must be conducted in a location that offers minimum conditions of comfort and hygiene.
18.14.5 The training sessions must include an evaluation to assess the knowledge acquired by the worker, except for the initial training.
18.15 Floating Platform Services
18.15.1 Floating platforms must be regularly registered with the Port Captaincy and carry:
a) Original Vessel Registration Certificate (TIE) or Provisional Maritime Property Registration (PRPM);
b) A valid Navigation Safety Certificate (CSN).
18.15.2 There must be a guardrail around the perimeter of the floating platform to protect workers from falling (balustrade), in accordance with the Maritime Authority Standard (NORMAM-02/DPC).
18.15.3 The working surfaces of floating platforms must be non-slip.
18.15.4 Boarding areas, stairs, and ramps must have non-slip flooring, be in good condition, and be equipped with guardrails and handrails.
18.15.5 The floating platform must have lifesaving equipment, in accordance with NORMAM-02/DPC.
18.15.6 When performing work with a risk of falling into the water, a life jacket approved by the Directorate of Ports and Coasts must be worn.
18.15.7 When performing hot work on floating platforms, flame-retardant life jackets must be used.
18.15.8 Life jackets must be provided in a minimum number equal to the number of people on board.
18.15.9 The use of boots with side elastics is mandatory for activities on floating platforms.
18.15.10 There must be weatherproof safety lighting on floating platforms when performing nighttime activities.
18.15.11 The installation of fire-fighting equipment is mandatory, in accordance with NORMAM-02/DPC.
18.15.12 There must be workers trained in rescue and first aid on floating platforms, in the proportion of 2 (two) for every group of 20 (twenty) workers or fraction thereof.
18.15.13 Floating platforms must have a sign, in a visible location and in Portuguese, indicating the maximum number of people and the maximum load allowed to be transported.
18.16 General Provisions
18.16.1 In construction industry activities, the adoption of preventive measures must follow the hierarchy outlined in NR-01.
18.16.2 Work clothes shall be provided in accordance with NR-24.
18.16.3 Manual or semi-mechanized load lifting must be carried out in accordance with NR-17 (Ergonomics).
18.16.4 Materials must be stored and stacked in such a way as not to cause accidents, hinder the movement of people, the circulation of materials, access to fire-fighting equipment, or obstruct doors or emergency exits.
18.16.4.1 Wood removed from scaffolding, hoardings, forms, and shoring must be stacked after removing or folding back nails, wires, and binding tapes.
18.16.5 Areas designated for storing toxic, corrosive, flammable, or explosive materials must:
a) be isolated, appropriate, and signposted;
b) have access permitted only to duly authorized personnel; and
c) have safety data sheets.
18.16.6 Collective transportation of workers in motor vehicles must comply with current national technical standards.
18.16.7 Collective transportation of workers must be carried out through transportation regulated by competent entities and appropriate to the characteristics of the route.
18.16.8 The driving of the vehicle used for the collective transportation of passengers must be done by a qualified driver.
18.16.9 The construction site must be equipped with fire prevention measures in accordance with state legislation and current national technical standards.
18.16.10 Workplaces must have a sufficient number of exits arranged so that those present can leave quickly and safely in an emergency.
18.16.11 Exits and passageways must be clearly marked with signs or illuminated signals indicating the direction of the exit.
18.16.12 No emergency exit should be locked or fastened during working hours.
18.16.13 Emergency exits may be equipped with locking devices that allow easy opening from inside the establishment.
18.16.14 The employer must inform all workers about the use of fire-fighting equipment, existing alarm devices, and procedures for safely leaving the workplace.
18.16.15 The construction site must be organized, clean, and unobstructed, especially in circulation areas, passageways, and staircases.
18.16.16 The removal of debris or leftover materials must be done using equipment or enclosed chutes.
18.16.17 It is forbidden to keep organic waste accumulated or exposed in inappropriate places on the construction site, as well as to burn it.
18.16.18 It is mandatory to install a hoarding, with a minimum height of 2 meters, whenever construction industry activities are carried out, to prevent unauthorized persons from accessing the work.
18.16.19 In construction industry activities with more than two floors from the curb level, carried out at the street alignment, a gallery must be built over the sidewalk or another protection measure that ensures the safety of pedestrians and workers, according to a project designed by a legally qualified professional.
18.16.20 In construction industry activities that require work on the sidewalk, the legislation of the Municipal Building Code and current traffic regulations must be observed.
18.16.21 Construction sites must have a communication system to allow external communication.
18.16.22 The wood to be used for the construction of stairs, ramps, walkways, and collective protection systems must be of good quality, free from knots and cracks that compromise its strength, dry, and painting that covers imperfections is prohibited.
18.16.23 In the event of a fatal accident, the following measures must be adopted:
a) immediately and in writing, notify the regional body responsible for occupational safety and health, which will pass the information on to the professional category union;
b) isolate the area directly related to the accident, maintaining its characteristics until its release by the competent police authority and the regional body responsible for occupational safety and health;
c) the release of the area by the regional body responsible for occupational safety and health will be granted within 72 hours, counting from the protocol receipt of the written communication to the aforementioned body.
18.17 Transitional Provisions
18.17.1 The Program of Conditions and Work Environment in the Construction Industry (PCMAT) existing before the effective date of this Standard will be valid until the completion of the respective work.
Container
18.17.2 It is prohibited to reuse containers originally used for cargo transport in living areas. (Revoked by MTE Ordinance No. 1420, of August 27, 2024 – see Article 2 – Rules for the use and reuse of containers)
Article 2 Establishes, in relation to the use or reuse of containers originally used for cargo transportation in living areas, that:
I – the use of containers originally used for cargo transportation in living or worker-occupied areas is only permitted if accompanied by a technical and environmental report certifying the absence of chemical, biological, and physical risks (specifically for radiation), with the identification of the company responsible for the adaptation; and
II – when using containers originally used for cargo transportation in living or worker-occupied areas, the provisions of chapter 18.5 (Living Areas) of NR-18 must be observed. Compliance with the minimum ceiling height requirement of item 24.9.7 of NR-24 (Sanitary and Comfort Conditions in Workplaces), approved by SEPRT Ordinance No. 1066, of September 23, 2019, is waived, except when the container is used as a dormitory with bunk beds.
Caissons with hyperbaric pressure
18.17.3 In activities using caissons with hyperbaric pressure, the following measures must be adopted:
a) allow communication between workers inside and outside the chamber using a telephone or similar system;
b) implement an action plan for decompression accidents with durations shorter than those provided in the decompression table available in the regulatory standard;
c) implement an emergency action plan for accidents inside the caisson;
d) maintain an emergency generator at the site;
e) have compressors, with one reserved for each work front;
f) develop a maintenance plan with updated inspections of the chambers, compressors, and generator sets;
g) comply with the provisions of Annex IV of NR-07;
h) contain an air cooling system to prevent high temperatures and dehydration of workers;
i) contain a noise control system.
18.17.4 The action plan for decompression accidents must contain the name, CNPJ, and address of the clinic responsible for hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatment, as well as the name and CRM of the clinic’s responsible physician.
18.17.5 The employer must maintain an ICU ambulance with a doctor on the construction site as long as there are compressed workers.
18.17.6 When there is a hyperbaric treatment chamber on the construction site, it must meet the following requirements:
a) be installed in a covered location protected from weather changes, in an exclusive room complying with all the determinations of ANVISA Resolution – RDC No. 50/2002, regarding the design and evaluation of physical projects for healthcare facilities;
b) comply with Technical Note No. 01/2008/GQUIP/GGTPS/ANVISA (Risks in Hyperbaric Medicine Services);
c) the operation of the chamber must be carried out by a qualified healthcare professional, and the treatment mode (pressure, compression, and decompression times) must be defined by the qualified physician, who must supervise the entire treatment;
d) the worker undergoing treatment must be accompanied by an internal guide throughout the treatment period, as determined by the Federal Council of Medicine;
e) the chamber must have annual preventive maintenance, with hydrostatic test records every five years and fire system tests every six months.
18.17.7 Simultaneous work in shafts and widened bases in adjacent caissons must be avoided, whether for excavation or concreting, to prevent the collapse of open bases.
18.17.8 Each hyperbaric chamber must have:
a) a structural verification report updated every 5 years, including the maximum working pressure, hydrostatic test reports, and any other necessary non-destructive testing reports;
b) internal and external pressure gauges indicating internal working pressure, measured in the International System;
c) internal and external thermometers indicating internal working temperature, measured in the International System;
d) an artificial ventilation system designed by a legally qualified professional;
e) electrical grounding according to NR-10;
f) an internal and external decompression system.
18.17.9 Each hyperbaric chamber must have two compressors connected in parallel so that, in case of failure, the second equipment automatically takes over.
18.17.10 The following measures must be followed regarding the use of compressors and power generators:
a) have noise silencers; b) be in a covered area; c) maintain spare parts on-site, such as gauges, thermometers, valves, registers, gaskets, etc.; d) take special care in air intake to avoid smoke discharge from vehicles or other equipment.
18.17.11 Workers exposed to hyperbaric pressures must:
a) have training according to NR-33 and NR-35;
b) have up-to-date medical exams according to NR-07;
c) follow the compression and decompression procedures provided in NR-07.
18.17.12 The compressed air supervisor must have training as specified in Annex I of this NR.
18.17.13 Each work front must have at least 3 workers trained to act as compressed air supervisors.
18.17.14 Access means must comply with the provisions of items 18.8 and 18.9 of this NR.
18.17.15 Workers must be evaluated by a physician no more than 2 hours before starting activities in a hyperbaric environment, and workers showing signs of respiratory or other illnesses must not be allowed to work.
18.17.16 Workers must remain on-site for at least 2 hours after decompression ends.
18.17.17 There must be medical assistance, recovery, and observation facilities for workers on-site or at the work front.
18.17.18 After using explosives, workers are only allowed to enter the caisson after 6 hours of forced ventilation.
Lifting Equipment
18.17.19 Construction projects started before this Standard came into effect are exempt from complying with subitem 18.10.1.25, item “b”.