Safe storage of flammable and combustible liquids is critical for industrial operations, ensuring the protection of both personnel and property. The Brazilian standard NBR 17505-4, updated in May 2024, provides detailed requirements for the storage of these liquids in intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and portable tanks. Understanding these regulations is crucial for compliance and safety.
Types of Containers and Their Capacities
The NBR 17505-4 standard specifies storage requirements for different types of containers:
- Drums and other containers: Maximum individual capacity of 450 liters.
- Portable tanks: Maximum individual capacity of 2,500 liters.
- Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs): Maximum individual capacity of 3,000 liters.
For containers used for temporary storage of products or waste from accidents, the capacity must not exceed 250 liters.
Exclusions and Special Considerations
Certain liquids and containers are excluded from these requirements, including:
- Liquids in vehicle fuel tanks, aircraft, boats, and portable engines.
- Consumer products containing less than 20% flammable liquids mixed with water.
- Liquids with a flash point above 35°C in a water-miscible solution with over 80% non-combustible solids.
These exclusions do not exempt entities from providing necessary protections. For more restrictive requirements, refer to NBR 17505-1.
Storage and Handling Conditions
The standard provides comprehensive guidelines for safe storage and handling:
- Stacking: IBCs and portable tanks should be stacked to maintain stability and prevent excessive stress on container walls.
- Material Handling: Equipment must be capable of moving containers at all storage levels. Industrial vehicles must comply with NFPA 505 or equivalent standards.
- Distance Requirements: Containers in unprotected storage areas should not be less than 1 meter from structural elements like beams and trusses.
Protection and Safety Measures
- Emergency Relief Devices: Portable tanks and IBCs must have emergency relief devices to manage internal pressure during fire exposure.
- Temperature Control: Storage cabinets should limit internal temperature to a maximum of 163°C under fire conditions.
- Construction: Storage cabinets must be constructed with steel or equivalent materials to ensure integrity under fire exposure. New cabinets should have automatic closing doors.
- Ventilation: If ventilation is provided, it must be directed safely outside or treated to control flammable vapors.
Specific Guidelines for Liquid Classes
- Class I Liquids: Not allowed in basements. Must be stored above ground with proper protection.
- Class II and IIIA Liquids: Can be stored in basements if adequately protected.
Regulatory Compliance
Compliance with the regulations of various Brazilian authorities is essential, including the National Land Transportation Agency (ANTT), National Waterway Transportation Agency (ANTAQ), and National Civil Aviation Agency (ANAC).
Conclusion
Adhering to the NBR 17505-4 standard ensures the safe storage of flammable and combustible liquids, mitigating risks and promoting safety in industrial environments. Proper container selection, handling procedures, and adherence to regulatory requirements are paramount for compliance and safety.